Table 1.
Baseline clinical features by EF categories
| Characteristics | EF < 40% | EF = 40% | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| N | 5864 | 753 | |
| Age, years | 64.0 ± 11.5 | 63.1 ± 11.5 | .031 |
| Male sex | 4164 (71.0%) | 536 (71.2%) | .92 |
| White race | 5287 (90.2%) | 682 (90.6%) | .42 |
| Smoking | 1800 (30.7%) | 242 (32.2%) | .69 |
| SBP, mmHg | 118.9 ± 16.5 | 120.3 ± 16.5 | .028 |
| DBP, mmHg | 72.0 ± 10.7 | 72.8 ± 10.6 | .067 |
| Heart rate, bpm | 74.9 ± 11.8 | 73.4 ± 10.7 | <.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27.4 ± 4.5 | 27.7 ± 4.6 | .087 |
| Diabetes | 1895 (32.3%) | 239 (31.7%) | .75 |
| Hypertension | 3535 (60.3%) | 460 (61.1%) | .67 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 792 (13.5%) | 78 (10.4%) | .016 |
| MI before index AMI | 1637 (27.9%) | 155 (20.6%) | <.001 |
| Angina | 2453 (41.8%) | 276 (36.7%) | .007 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 730 (12.4%) | 89 (11.8%) | .62 |
| HFH before index AMI | 464 (7.9%) | 40 (5.3%) | .011 |
| COPD | 553 (9.4%) | 69 (9.2%) | .81 |
| eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2 | 68.3 ± 20.9 | 69.3 ± 20.7 | .21 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dl | 13.3 ± 1.7 | 13.3 ± 1.7 | .99 |
| Potassium, mmol/l | 4.3 ± 0.5 | 4.3 ± 0.4 | .30 |
| Sodium, mmol/l | 139.4 ± 4.2 | 140.0 ± 5.2 | <.001 |
| ACEI/ARB | 5112 (87.2%) | 627 (83.3%) | .003 |
| Beta‐blocker | 4359 (74.3%) | 591 (78.5%) | .014 |
| Index Q‐wave AMI | 4153 (72.2%) | 549 (73.8%) | .37 |
| Killip class I | 846 (14.5%) | 163 (21.7%) | <.001 |
| II | 3800 (65.2%) | 469 (62.5%) | |
| III | 995 (17.1%) | 96 (12.8%) | |
| IV | 184 (3.2%) | 23 (3.1%) | |
| Reperfusion or revascularization | 2585 (44.1%) | 416 (55.2%) | <.001 |
| EF, % | 32.2 ± 5.9 | 40.0 ± 0.3 | <.001 |
| Time from AMI to rand., days | 7.3 ± 3.0 | 7.0 ± 3.1 | .032 |
| Eplerenone | 2916 (49.7%) | 397 (52.7%) | .12 |
| Duration of hosp. for index AMI, days | 15.4 ± 10.2 | 13.9 ± 7.7 | <.001 |
Abbreviations: ACE/ARB, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker; AMI, acute myocardial infarction; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CV, cardiovascular; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; EF, left ventricular ejection fraction; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate calculated by the CKD‐EPI formula; HF, heart failure; MI, myocardial infarction; SBP, systolic blood pressure.