. 2019 Oct 9;11(10):e5878. doi: 10.7759/cureus.5878

Table 2. Summary of the results of all 20 studies.

miR: microRNA; qRT: Quantitative real time; PCR: Polymerase chain reaction; CTnI: Cardiac troponin I; CK-MB: Creatine kinase-muscle/brain; CTnT: Cardiac Troponin T; NSTEMI: Non ST elevation myocardial infarction; STEMI: ST elevation myocardial infarction; hsTnT: High sensitive troponin T; EF: Ejection fraction; RT-PCR: Real time polymerase chain reaction; CHF: Congestive heart failure; CTR: Control; AMI: Acute myocardial infarction; UA: Unstable angina

Serial No.	Author & Year	miRNA Regulation	Source	Analysis Technique	Time of Blood Sampling	Study Results	Correlation with Biomarkers
1.	Wang et al, 2010, [7]	Up-regulated: miR-1, miR-133a, miR-499, miR-208a	Plasma	qRT-PCR	4.8±3.5 h	miRNA levels were substantially higher than those from control P< 0.01.	miRNAs were correlated with cTnI.
2.	Adachi et al, 2010, [8]	Up-regulated: miR-499	Plasma	qRT-PCR	48hrs	miR-499 values in the AM group were significantly higher than those of the other groups (P< 0.0001).	CK-MB
3.	Corsten, et al, 2010, [9]	Up-regulated: miR-208a, miR-499	Plasma	PCR	<12hrs	miR-208b and -499 were highly elevated (P<0.005 and (P<0.0005) in AMI patients, respectively, as compared with control subjects.	miR-208b& miR-499 correlated significantly with CTnT.
4.	D’Alessandra et al, 2010, [10]	Up-regulated: miR-1, miR-133a/b, miR-499-5p; Down-regulated: miR-122, miR-375	Plasma	qRT-PCR	517+309 min	miRNAs levels were significantly changed in AMI group vs. control: p<0.01.	Positively correlated with CTnI p<0.01 vs. control.
5.	Zhang et al, 2010, [11]	Up-regulated: miR-1	Plasma	PCR	Not given	miRNA levels were significantly increased.	Positive correlation with cardiac troponin.
6.	Cheng et al, 2010, [12]	Up-regulated: miR-1	Serum	qRT-PCR	8.5±3.82 h.	miR-1 was higher in AMI patients than in control group P< 0.05.	miR-1 &CK-MB were positive correlated (r=0.68; p<0.05).
7.	Wang et al, 2011, [6]	Up-regulated: miR-133, miR-328	Whole blood Plasma	RT-PCR	5.24 ± 1.38 hrs & 20 hours & 7 days	miR-133 levels in plasma from AMI patients were increased compared with control group (p=0.006). miR-328 levels in plasma and whole blood of AMI patients were markedly increased compared to those in control subjects (p=0.033 and p<0.001).	Correlated with CTnI
8.	Widera et al, 2011, [13]	Up-regulated: miR-1, miR-133a; Not Significant: miR-133b, miR-208a, miR-208b, miR-499	Plasma	qRT-PCR	Not given	Patients with NSTEMI or STEMI presented with higher levels of miR-1, miR133a, and miR-208b compared with patients with unstable angina. miR P=0.001.	miR 133a P<0.001 miR-1, miR-133a, miR-133b & miR-208b were independently associated with hsTnT levels (p<0.001).
9.	Kuwabara et al, 2011, [14]	Up-regulated: miR-1, miR-133a	Serum	qRT-PCR	Not given	miR-1 p<0.0005, miR-133a p	miRNAs were positive correlated with cTnT.
10.	Gidlof et al, 2011, [15]	Up-regulated: miR-1, miR-133a, miR-208b, miR-499-5p	Plasma	RT-PCR	24hrs, 48hrs, 72hrs	miR-1 (p<0.01); miR-133a (p<0.01) miR-208b (p<0.001) miR-499-5p (p<0.01) Compared to control group.	cTnT positively correlated with miR-208b (p = 0.01, r 2 =0.25);EF negatively correlated with miR-208b (p = 0.01, r 2 = 0.32).
11.	Devaux et al, 2012, [16]	Up-regulated: miR-208b, miR-499	Plasma	RT-PCR	Not given	Both miRNAs were higher in MI patients (p<0.001).	Correlation between miRNAs and CK & CTnT were highly significant P<10¯ 9. miRNAs were inversely correlated to the EF.
12.	Olivieri et al, 2012, [17]	Up-regulated: miR-1, miR-21, miR-133a, miR-423-5p, miR-499-5p	Plasma	qRT-PCR	Not given	NSTEMI versus control p<0.05; NSTEMI versus CHF p<0.05; CHF versus CTR p<0.05	miR-499-5p and cTnT were positively correlated (p<0.001) in the total population as well as in NSTEMI patients.
13.	Oerleman et al,2012, [18]	Up-regulated: miR-1, miR-208a, miR-499, miR-21, miR-146a	Serum	RT-PCR	Not given	Circulating levels of all miRNAs were higher in patients with ACS. Furthermore, circulating levels of miR-21 and miR-146a were markedly elevated in ACS patients as well (p<0.001).	miR-1+miR-499+miR-21: (miRNA combine assay) Superior to hs-CTnT.
14.	Li et al, 2013, [19]	Up-regulated: miR-1, miR-134, miR-186, miR-208, miR-223, miR-499	Serum	RT-PCR	Not given	Serum levels of the six miRNAs were increased in AMI than control subjects: miR-1, miR-223, and miR-499: P<0.05; miR-134, miR-186, miR-208: P<0.001.	Correlated to CTnT and CKMB.
15.	Gidlof et al, 2013, [20]	Up-regulated: miR-1, miR-208b, miR-499-5p	Plasma	qRT-PCR	Mean time To sample:38.4 hours	miR-1 was increased (p<0.01), miR-133a (p<0.01), miR-208b (p <0.001), and miR-499-5p (p< 0.01) as compared to healthy controls.	miR-208b and -499-5p were strongly correlated with TnT but the accuracy was well below that of Troponin T. miR-1 was weakly correlated with TnT.
16.	Li YQ et al, 2013, [21]	Up-regulated: miR-1, miR-133a, miR-208b, miR-499	Plasma	qRT-PCR	Within 12hrs and Day	14 All miRNAs were significantly higher in AMI patients (p<0.001) than in healthy volunteers.	Although these miRNAs and cTnT were positively correlated. But none of the four circulating miRNAs were superior to cTnT for the early diagnosis of AMI (P˃0.05).
17.	Chen et al, 2014,[22]	Up-regulated: miR-499	Plasma	qRT-PCR	0 h, 12 h, 24 h, 72 h, and 7 d after the onset of AMI.	miR-499 levels were significantly higher in AMI patients than in the UA and controls immediately (P<0.01).	miR-499 positively-correlated with cTnI(P<0.01) and CK-MB (P<0.01).
18.	Zhao et al, 2015, [23]	Up-regulated: miR-499	Plasma	qRT-PCR	3h, 12h and 15h	miRNA-499 in AMI was significantly higher than in controls (P < 0.05).	The specificity and sensitivity of microRNA-499 in the diagnosis of AMI were still lower than those of cTnI.
19.	Białek et al, 2015, [24]	Up-regulated: miR-208a	Serum	qPCR	0h, 3h, 6h, 12, 24h & 48hrs	miR-208a was increased in STEMI patients p < 0.001.	miR-208a was Correlated with CTnT and CK-MB-mass.
20.	Agiannitopoulos, et al, 2018, [25]	Up-regulated: miR-208b, miR-499	Plasma	PCR	Not given	miR-208b: p<0.0001, miR-499: p<0.0001, As compared to controls.	Both miRNAs were correlated with CTnT.