Table 1. Laboratory and radiological data of the studied patients with β-TM and healthy controls.
| Variable | β-TM (n = 45) | Healthy controls (n = 30) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| WBC count (×109/l), median (IQR) | 10.7 (8.1–17.5) | 7.1 (5.3–8.6) | <0.001 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dl), mean ± SD | 7.62 ± 1.14 | 12.4 ± 3.4 | <0.001 |
| HbF (%), median (IQR) | 62.0 (27.3–80.0) | 0.6 (0.4–0.9) | <0.001 |
| Serum albumin (mg/dl), mean ± SD | 3.97 ± 0.45 | 4.5 ± 0.51 | <0.001 |
| Total bilirubin (mg/dl), mean ± SD | 1.34 ± 0.62 | 0.6 ± 0.15 | <0.001 |
| Indirect bilirubin (mg/dl), median (IQR) | 0.8 (0.5–1.0) | 0.4 (0.3–0.5) | 0.002 |
| ALT(IU/l), median (IQR) | 33 (20–65) | 21 (13–30) | <0.001 |
| AST(IU/l), median (IQR) | 38 (30–65) | 18 (10–35) | <0.001 |
| Lactate dehydrogenase (IU/l), median (IQR) | 446 (195–604) | 330 (280–410) | 0.01 |
| Serum ferritin (µg/l), median (IQR) | 2291 (1263–4045) | 45 (27–60) | <0.001 |
| IMA (U/ml), median (IQR) | 18 (13–40) | 4 (3–5) | <0.001 |
| MDA (nmol/ml), median (IQR) | 30 (20–45) | 10 (7–15) | <0.001 |
| EF (%), mean ± SD | 64.5 ± 4.5 | – | – |
| FS (%), mean ± SD | 35.2 ± 3.3 | – | – |
| LVESD (mm), mean ± SD | 3.0 ± 0.47 | – | – |
| LVEDD (mm), mean ± SD | 4.58 ± 0.64 | – | – |
| TRV (m/s), mean ± SD | 2.48 ± 0.42 | – | – |
| Mean CIMT (mm), mean ± SD | 0.47 ± 0.1 | 0.33 ± 0.02 | <0.001 |
β-TM: β-thalassemia major; WBC: white blood cell; Hb: hemoglobin; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; IMA: ischemia-modified albumin; MDA: malondialdehyde; EF: ejection fraction; FS: fractional shortening; LVESD: left ventricle end systolic diameter; LVEDD: left ventricle end diastolic diameter; TRV: tricuspid regurgitant jet velocity; CIMT: carotid intima media thickness; IQR: interquartile range.