Table 1. Characteristics of the 6–19-year-old children and adolescent participants in NHANES 2011–2012.
| Parameter | Male children |
Male adolescents |
Female children |
Female adolescents |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 431 | 493 | 426 | 470 |
| Age (years) | 9 (7–10) | 15(14–17) | 9 (7–10) | 15(13–17) |
| Serum total testosterone (ng/dL) | 3.16 (1.80–5.68) | 354.67(208.08–496.58) | 4.86 (2.69–10.29) | 23.95 (16.72–31.55) |
| Serum cotinine (ng/mL) | 0.035 (0.011–0.242) | 0.038 (0.011–0.431) | 0.039 (0.011–0.181) | 0.028 (0.011–0.210) |
| Ratio family income to poverty | 1.26(0.74–2.70) | 1.57 (0.86–3.40) | 1.30 (0.70–2.78) | 1.40 (0.69–2.96) |
| Obesitya | ||||
| Normal/underweight | 263 (61.02%) | 309 (62.68%) | 266 (62.44%) | 297 (63.19%) |
| Overweight | 66 (15.31%) | 77 (15.62%) | 68 (15.96%) | 76 (16.17%) |
| Obese | 102 (23.67%) | 107 (21.70%) | 92 (21.60%) | 97 (20.64%) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 113 (26.22%) | 119 (24.14%) | 98(23.01%) | 105 (22.34%) |
| Non-Hispanic black | 116 (26.91%) | 154 (31.24%) | 128(30.05%) | 141 (30.00%) |
| Hispanic | 145 (33.64%) | 138 (27.99%) | 129(30.28%) | 144 (30.64%) |
| Other | 57 (13.23%) | 82 (16.63%) | 71(16.67%) | 80 (17.02%) |
| Session time of venipuncture | ||||
| Morning | 177 (41.07%) | 243 (49.29%) | 207 (48.59%) | 237 (50.43%) |
| Afternoon | 157 (36.43%) | 170 (34.48%) | 149 (34.98%) | 156 (33.19%) |
| Evening | 97 (22.51%) | 80 (16.23%) | 70 (16.43%) | 77 (16.38%) |
| Six-month period when the examination was performed | ||||
| 1 November through 30 April | 216 (50.12%) | 237 (48.29%) | 221 (51.88%) | 216 (45.96%) |
| 1 May through 31 October | 215 (49.88%) | 256 (51.93%) | 205 (48.12%) | 254 (54.04%) |
Data are summarized as median (interquartile range) for continuous variables or as number with proportion for categorical variables.
aChildren and adolescents were classified as normal/underweight, overweight, or obese according to their age and sex, as defined by NHANES (http:/wwwn.cdc.gov/Nchs/Nhanes/2011-2012/BMX_G.htm)