Table 3.
Markers of lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, activities of oxidant enzymes and antioxidant defence in controls and AIH group in relation to disease stage and treatment response
| Parameters | Controls (n = 41) | AIH patients (n = 36) | Cirrhosis (n = 10) | No cirrhosis (n = 26) | Non-responders to treatment (n = 10) (4 patients with cirrhosis) | Responders to treatment (n = 23) (6 patients with cirrhosis) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8-Iso ng/mg creatinine (U) | 1 (0.02–3) | 1.3*** (0.01–8.5) | 2.6** (0.4–8.5) | 0.9 (0.01–5) | 0.9 (0.01–8.5) | 1.2 (0.4–4.2) |
| Aldehydes μM (P) | 0.3 (0.05–4.7) | 1.7**** (0.2–7.9) | 3**** (0.18–7.8) | 1.7**** (0.17–6.6) | 1.7*** (0.2–7.9) | 0.8**** (0.2–7) |
| 3-NT nM (P) | 9 (1.5–20) | 12*** (1.6–100) | 12 (2.3–48) | 15 (1.64–100) | 6.5 (2.1–100) | 12 (1.6–48) |
| PC mg/mg protein (S) | 1.8 (0.1–9.9) | 1.8* (0.1–14) | 3.8*** (0.6–15) | 1.5+ (0.15–6.8) | 6.7** (0.14–14) | 1.9 (0.5–6.3) |
| MPO U/106cells (l) | 12 (1–141) | 10.5 (1.2–463) | 11.5 (1.5–87) | 10.5 (1.2–462) | 9.7 (1.2–463) | 12 (1.5–160) |
| GSSG/(GSH + GSSG) (WB) | 4.3 (0.2–15) | 9.5** (0.1–93) | 8.6 (1.4–85) | 12.4 (0.1–93) | 6.7** (0.3–93) | 7.9** (0.1–85) |
| GSH μM (WB) | 1135 (293–5409) | 512*** (51–5541) | 293**** (51–5541) | 511***/++ (88–2977) | 519**** (88–5541) | 800** (51–1033) |
| Catalase kU/gHb (RC) | 146 (40–449) | 173 (5–772) | 147 (5–320) | 215** (22–772) | 236*** (5–772) | 148 (17–409) |
| SOD kU/gHb (RC) | 44 (8–68) | 48 (13–59) | 37 (16–59) | 47 (13–59) | 24 (13–59) | 45 (13–59) |
| GSH-Px U/gHb (RC) | 3.6 (0.3–25) | 8.6** (0.6–36) | 7 (2.2–32) | 8.8** (0.6–35) | 8.9** (1.6–36) | 8.9*** (0.6–33) |
| Glutathione reductase U/gHb (RC) | 2.4 (0.1–10) | 2.1 (0.08–36) | 2.2 (0.08–36) | 2.3 (0.08–8.9) | 2.6 (0.1–36) | 2.3 (0.2–8) |
| AST U/l (S) | 20 (12–30) | 25*** (10–117) | 29* (10–65) | 25** (10–117) | 52*** (18–117) | 23 (10–49) |
| ALT U/l (S) | 18 (9–29) | 25*** (10–160) | 23** (10–81) | 26*** (12–160) | 56 **** (20–160) | 20 (10–43) |
| ALP U/l (S) | 61 (32–91) | 61 (26–320)* | 64 (49–136)* | 60 (26–320)* | 106*** (30–300) | 61 (26–116) |
| γ-GT U/l (S) | 13 (5.2–27) | 22.5**** (8–277) | 21** (8–170) | 23**** (8–277) | 35**** (12–240) | 15 (8–69) |
| Bilirubin mg/dl (S) | 0.5 (0.1–1) | 0.7*** (0.3–1.96) | 1*** (0.3–1.96) | 0.6** (0.2–1.32) | 0.68*** (0.3–1.96) | 0.5 (0.3–1) |
| Prednisolone (duration of intake in months) | 30 (1–114) | 54 (11–101) | 13 (1–114) | 16 (1–58) | 36 (3–114) | |
| MMF (duration of intake in months) | 26 (1–94) | 41 (11–84) | 16 (1–94) | 16 (1–60) | 30 (3–94) |
Values shown as medians with range. P values (<0.05) derived by the Mann–Whitney U test (*vs. control group, +vs. cirrhotic group).
*0.1 > P > 0.05, **P ≤ 0.05, ***/+P ≤ 0.01, ****/++P ≤ 0.001. GSSG/(GSH + GSSG) was expressed as %.
U, urine; P, plasma; S, serum; WB, whole blood; L, leucocytes; RC, red blood cells; MMF, mycophenolate mofetil.