Total LDH before and after correction of pectus excavatum [upper limit of reference of total LDH is 460 IU/L in ages <10 years (YG) and 330 IU/L in ages ≥10 years (OG)]. There was an elevation of serum total LDH before correction of the deformity (YG, P=0.006, and OG, P<0.001) and a decrease of total LDH after correction of deformity (P<0.001). LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; YG, young group; OG, old group.