Table 3.
Comparisons of baseline and 3-month postoperative parameters of patients with preoperative abnormal glucose tolerance status (n = 52) between the improved and unimproved groups.
| Parameters | Preoperation | 3–month Postoperation | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Improved (n = 37) | Unimproved (n = 15) | P value | Improved (n = 37) | Unimproved (n = 15) | P value | |
| Age (years) | 41.2 ± 9.4 | 42.5 ± 16.0 | 0.887 | – | – | – |
| Sex (male:female) | 19:18 | 9:6 | 0.571 | – | – | – |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.3 ± 4.0 | 25.8 ± 3.5 | 0.694 | – | – | – |
| Disease duration (yrs) | 5.7 ± 3.8 | 8.5 ± 5.5 | 0.046 | – | – | – |
| Random GH (μg/L) | 22.0 (8.9–50.6) | 11.1 (7.6–19.0) | 0.130 | 1.6 (0.4–5.1)* | 2.6 (1.1–4.3)∧ | 0.578 |
| Nadir GH (μg/L) | 13.7 (6.1–30.3) | 9.0 (5.3–11.9) | 0.182 | 0.6 (0.2–1.9)* | 0.4 (0.1–2.0)∧ | 0.840 |
| IGF−1 (μg/L) | 890.0 (758.0–1040.0) | 926.0 (633.5–1093.5) | 0.724 | 323.0 (237.0–564.0)* | 443.0 (291.5–628.0)∧ | 0.280 |
| IGF−1 (%ULN) | 3.3 ± 1.1 | 3.1 ± 1.0 | 0.485 | 1.5 ± 0.8* | 1.8 ± 0.9∧ | 0.369 |
| Remission Status of acromegaly | – | – | – | 16:3:18 (remission: GH/IGF−1 discordance: non-remission) | 5:2:8 (remission: GH/IGF−1 discordance: non-remission) | 0.629 |
| Glucose tolerance status (DM: PreDM: NGT) | 13:24:0 | 5:10:0 | 0.902 | 0:9:28* | 5:10:0 | 0.000 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.7 (5.6–6.6) | 6.0 (5.6–7.0) | 0.707 | 5.3 (5.2–5.5)* | 5.5 (5.2–6.1)∧ | 0.490 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 6.1 (5.6–6.8) | 6.3 (5.5–6.9) | 0.808 | 5.3 (4.9–5.5)* | 5.8 (5.3–6.4) | 0.023 |
| 2h–PG (mmol/L) | 9.9 (8.2–11.4) | 9.6 (8.7–13.1) | 0.777 | 5.5 (4.9–6.8)* | 9.6 (8.1–11.1) | 0.000 |
| FINS (mU/L) | 21.3 (12.7–26.5) | 12.8 (8.5–18.0) | 0.028 | 7.4 (6.0–10.7)* | 8.2 (6.3–11.6)∧ | 0.473 |
| INS120 (mU/L) | 89.0 (65.0–118.7) | 60.2 (35.8–120.1) | 0.113 | 42.2 (19.8–63.8)* | 38.6 (28.0–83.4)∧ | 0.358 |
| FCP (ng/ml) | 2.5 (1.8–3.3) | 1.8 (1.5–2.5) | 0.019 | 1.4 (1.2–1.8)* | 1.4 (1.2–2.0) | 0.936 |
| CP120 (ng/ml) | 9.1 (6.7–10.6) | 5.7 (4.0–10.7) | 0.196 | 6.1 (4.4–7.4)* | 7.0 (4.0–8.5) | 0.579 |
| Indices of β-cell function | ||||||
| HOMA1-%β (INS) | 158.1 (94.6–206.3) | 91.6 (50.5–179.2) | 0.046 | 89.6 (63.2–110.2)* | 65.2 (49.2–131.8) | 0.254 |
| HOMA2-%β (INS) | 124.5 (85.5–153.5) | 76.0 (55.1–140.3) | 0.041 | 86.5 (68.8–100.5)* | 69.6 (54.9–110.0) | 0.226 |
| HOMA2-%β (CP) | 108.1 (71.4–127.6) | 69.0 (50.9–127.2) | 0.054 | 92.7 (77.6–104.4)* | 72.4 (56.9–102.3) | 0.132 |
| AUCPG | 1677.0 (1509.0–2002.5) | 1695.5 (1503.0–2264.3) | 0.607 | 1224.0 (1044.0–1450.5)* | 1645.5 (1287.8–1881.8) | 0.002 |
| AUCINS | 15383.1 (9279.8–20247.8) | 10385.7 (5206.3–21955.4) | 0.461 | 6345.3 (4880.9–11189.4)* | 7922.9 (4553.1–11854.1)∧ | 0.754 |
| AUCCP | 1310.0 (956.7–1631.3) | 755.4 (530.3–1629.9) | 0.254 | 881.3 (692.7–1161.5)* | 941.4 (665.9–1184.1) | 0.960 |
| AUCINS/AUCPG | 8.7 (5.5–14.1) | 6.0 (2.2–16.0) | 0.380 | 5.2 (3.5–8.5)* | 6.5 (2.3–9.6) | 0.635 |
| AUCCP/AUCPG | 0.8 (0.5–1.1) | 0.4 (0.2–1.1) | 0.348 | 0.7 (0.6–0.9) | 0.7 (0.4–1.0)∧ | 0.391 |
| IGI | 0.7 (0.4–1.6) | 0.6 (0.2–1.7) | 0.816 | 0.6 (0.4–0.9) | 0.7 (0.2–1.3) | 0.579 |
| IGI/IR | 0.2 (0.05–0.3) | 0.2 (0.06–0.5) | 0.621 | 0.3 (0.2–0.6) | 0.2 (0.1–0.5) | 0.193 |
| Disposition Index | 1.6 (0.7–3.3) | 1.2 (0.8–2.6) | 0.048 | 3.3 (2.0–5.3)* | 1.6 (1.1–4.0) | 0.108 |
| ISSI2 | 18.5 (10.3–25.4) | 18.1 (8.4–28.0) | 0.896 | 28.1 (23.4–35.3)* | 19.7 (12.9–33.0)∧ | 0.031 |
| MBCI | 7.9 (5.5–11.5) | 5.5 (3.4–8.6) | 0.132 | 5.9 (3.5–9.0)* | 4.1 (2.2–8.3) | 0.237 |
| eFPIS (pmol/L) | 1370.2 (853.6–1987.8) | 900.9 (378.5–1909.8) | 0.369 | 907.9 (658.4–1199.3)* | 1045.8 (155.1–1420.8) | 0.960 |
| eSPIS (pmol/L) | 365.2 (243.9–526.9) | 280.0 (134.5–482.0) | 0.348 | 246.3 (190.1–311.6)* | 279.7 (96.2–368.9) | 0.912 |
| Indices of insulin sensitivity | ||||||
| HOMA1-%S (INS) | 18.0 (12.8–26.7) | 26.3 (22.4–36.4) | 0.028 | 53.1 (38.1–75.9)* | 41.6 (27.7–71.1)∧ | 0.280 |
| HOMA2-%S (INS) | 36.4 (28.6–57.9) | 56.7 (42.4–77.9) | 0.038 | 101.8 (72.4–131.4)* | 95.1 (61.6–123.2)∧ | 0.348 |
| HOMA2-%S (CP) | 49.4 (37.9–69.6) | 61.6 (53.3–78.3) | 0.031 | 95.6 (73.1–115.6)* | 88.9 (62.1–117.5) | 0.679 |
| QUICKI | 0.48 (0.45–0.52) | 0.52 (0.50–0.56) | 0.028 | 0.61 (0.56–0.66)* | 0.58 (0.52–0.67)∧ | 0.391 |
| Matsuda Index (WBISI) | 1.7 (1.4–2.6) | 2.1 (1.8–3.9) | 0.108 | 5.4 (3.6–7.7)* | 4.2 (3.0–5.4)∧ | 0.096 |
| eMCR (ml.kg−1.min−1) | 8.1 (7.0–9.4) | 7.6 (6.5–9.3) | 0.896 | 9.8 (8.9–10.6)* | 9.2 (7.2–9.4) | 0.004 |
| Indices of insulin resistance | ||||||
| HOMA1-IR (INS) | 5.5 (3.7–7.8) | 3.8 (2.7–4.5) | 0.028 | 1.9 (1.3–2.6)* | 2.4 (1.4–3.6)∧ | 0.280 |
| HOMA2-IR (INS) | 2.8 (1.7–3.5) | 1.8 (1.3–2.4) | 0.037 | 1.0 (0.8–1.4)* | 1.1 (0.8–1.6)∧ | 0.342 |
| HOMA2-IR (CP) | 2.0 (1.4–2.64) | 1.6 (1.3–1.9) | 0.031 | 1.1 (0.9–1.4)* | 1.1 (0.9–1.6) | 0.686 |
| IAI | 0.008 (0.006–0.012) | 0.012 (0.001–0.017) | 0.028 | 0.023 (0.017–0.031)* | 0.018 (0.012–0.032)∧ | 0.308 |
TC, total cholesterol; TG, total triglycerides; GH, growth hormone; IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor-1; ULN, upper limit of normal; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; FINS, fasting insulin; FCP, fasting C-peptide; HOMA-%β, homeostasis assessment model of β-cell function; AUC, areas under the curve; IGI, insulinogenic index; DI, disposition index; ISSI2, the OGTT insulin secretion sensitivity index 2; MBCI, modified β-cell function index; eFPIS, estimated first phase insulin release; eSPIS, estimated second phase insulin release; HOMA-%S, homeostasis assessment model of insulin sensitivity; QUICKI, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index; WBISI, whole body insulin sensitivity index; eMCR, estimated metabolic clearance rate of glucose; HOMA-IR, homeostasis assessment model of insulin resistance; IAI, insulin activity index.
P values are for variations between the improved and unimproved group.
Means that p < 0.05 between the preoperative and 3-month postoperative parameters in the improved group.
Means that p < 0.05 between the preoperative and 3-month postoperative parameters in the unimproved group.
Bold values means P < 0.05.