Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2019 Nov 7;9:16274. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-52822-1

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

(a) Transfection and infection of CBPV in honey bees. Injection of pink eye honey bee pupae with PBS (1) and transfection solely with recombinant RNA1 (2) or uncapped recombinant RNA1 and RNA2 (3) resulted in the emergence of healthy-looking adult honey bees at day 21 of development. Transfection of capped recombinant RNA1 and RNA2 (4) and wild type virus suspension (5) resulted in pupal death during the incubation period. (b) First passage of CBPV in honey bee pupae (P1). Injection of the negative control with PBS (6), passaging of honey bee lysates from animals transfected with solely recombinant RNA1 (7), and uncapped recombinant CBPV RNA1 and RNA2 (8) resulted in the emergence of apparently healthy-looking imago at day 21 of development. Passaging of virus progeny from animals transfected with capped recombinant CBPV RNAs (9) and wild type CBPV virus suspensions (10) resulted in pupal death during the incubation period. (c) Topical infection of adult honey bees. Caged honey bees were topically infected with rCBPV or wtCBPV or mock infected using PBS. During the incubation period of 10 days, rCBPV infected bees showed a significantly higher mortality rate compared to wtCBPV infected bees or the negative control. Clinical signs of infection were exclusively observed in the rCBPV group starting at day 7 post infection (see Additional Video File 3).