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. 2019 Nov 1;10:1281. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01281

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Copyright © 2019 Lertnimitphun, Jiang, Kim, Fu, Zheng, Tan, Zhou, Zhang, Pei, Lu and Xu

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Safranal reduces macrophage infiltration in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice. IHC of F4/80 was measured as an indication of macrophage infiltration in colon (A). The value of integrated OD (IOD) were measured (B). Mesenteric lymph nodes (C) and the spleen (D) were homogenized and visualized with antibodies following flow cytometry analyses. The data are presented as the means ± SEM of n = 10. ^#p < 0.05 compared to non-treated group. ^##p < 0.01 compared to non-treated group, *p < 0.05 compared to DSS-treated group, **p < 0.01 compared to DSS-treated group.