SWELL1 promotes HCC cell growth via the PKCa-cyclinD1/CDK2 pathway. (a) The expression of PKCa, p-PKCa, cyclinD1, and CDK2 was assessed by western blotting with or without TPA (an activator of PKCa). GAPDH was used as the loading control. The blot density of the western blotting was quantified using the ImageJ software. (b) The results of cell cycle analysis with flow cytometry after cells were pre-treated with TPA. *P < .05, **P < .01. Data are represented as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments and compared using Student's t-test (Sk-hep-1 and HCCLM3 cells), or one-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey test (SMMC-7721 and Huh7 cells).