Table 1. Demographic characteristics.
| Characteristics | Total (n = 7,885) | No surgery (n = 6,376) | Surgery (n = 1,509) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GA, wk | 28.5 ± 3.0 | 29.0 ± 2.9 | 26.3 ± 2.2 | < 0.01 |
| Birth weight, g | 1,086 ± 280 | 1,135 ± 265 | 875 ± 239 | < 0.01 |
| Sex, male | 3,927 (49.8) | 3,176 (49.8) | 751 (49.8) | 0.98 |
| Multiple gestation | 2,832 (35.9) | 2,295 (36.0) | 537 (35.6) | 0.77 |
| Cesarean section | 6,122 (77.6) | 5,002 (78.5) | 1,120 (74.2) | < 0.01 |
| Apgar score, 1 min | 4.7 ± 2.0 | 4.9 ± 2.0 | 3.7 ± 1.9 | < 0.01 |
| Apgar score, 5 min | 6.8 ± 1.8 | 7.0 ± 1.7 | 6.0 ± 1.9 | < 0.01 |
| Antenatal steroid | 6,054 (76.8) | 4,868 (76.4) | 1,186 (78.6) | 0.06 |
| Chorioamnionitis | 2,246 (28.5) | 1,714 (26.9) | 532 (35.3) | < 0.01 |
| Maternal age, yr | 32.9 ± 4.2 | 32.9 ± 4.2 | 33.0 ± 4.3 | 0.39 |
| Maternal hypertension | 1,501 (19.0) | 1,306 (20.5) | 195 (12.9) | < 0.01 |
| In-vitro fertilization | 1,828 (23.2) | 1,466 (23.0) | 362 (24.0) | 0.41 |
| Gestational diabetes | 598 (7.6) | 508 (8.0) | 90 (6.0) | 0.02 |
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or number (%).
GA = gestational age.