Cell migration speed depends on the extent of confinement. (A) Confocal reflectance images of 5, 10, 15, and 20 μm width collagen microtracks, scale bar = 25 μm. (B) Phase contrast images of 5, 10, 15, and 20 μm width microtracks with single MDA-MB-231 cells, scale bar = 50 μm. (C) Percentage of MDA-MB-231 cells that are able to reach both top and bottom walls and at least one side wall in each track size (n = 20–27 cells per condition). (D) Percentage of MDA-MB-231 cells that are either partially confined or fully confined by all four walls as a function of track width. (E) Average migration speed of MDA-MB-231 cells during migration in 5, 10, 15, and 20 μm width-sized microtracks; n = 35–50 cells per condition. ∗ indicates p < 0.05, with only significant differences denoted.