Figure 2.
Intratumoral ICOS Agonist (Apt8a) Potentiates CTLA-4 Blockade Therapy in a Melanoma Mouse Model
(A) B16/F10 melanoma tumors were implanted subcutaneously in C57/BL6 mice. On days 4, 7, and 10 after tumor implantation, mice were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with CTLA-4 blocking antibody (9H10) and intratumorally (i.t.) with Apt8a or Apt ctrl to evaluate tumor growth and survival. (B) Tumor growth kinetics was measured by calipers, and tumor volume was determined using the formula W2 × L/2; W is tumor width, and L is tumor length. The average tumor size of each group of mice treated is shown. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.005. (C) Percentage of tumor volume change of each mouse once the treatment is initiated (isotype control in black, Apt ctrl with CTLA-4 antibody in gray, and Apt8a with CTLA-4 antibody in red). (D) Overall survival of mice treated with anti-anti-CTLA-4 antibody and Apt8a or Apt ctrl as described in the calendar. (Experiments were repeated twice with similar results.) *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.