Table 1.

Implementation and scale-up frameworks and process models that surfaced most often

Implementation

Frameworks 1. Framework for Effective Implementation [17] 2. Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) [27] 3. Dynamic Sustainability Framework [29]

Scale-Up

Frameworks 1. Scaling Up Health Service Innovations - A Framework for Action [30] 2. Interactive Systems Framework for Dissemination andImplementation [31] 3. Scaling-Up: A Framework for Success [32]

Process Models 1. Steps to Developing a Scale-Up Strategy [33] 2. Review of Scale-Up/Framework for Scaling Up Physical Activity Interventions [34] 3. A Guide to Scaling Up Population Health Interventions [35, 36]

Comprehensive Theories or Conceptual Models 1. Diffusion of Innovations [37] 2. Conceptual Model for the Spread and Sustainability of Innovations in Service Delivery and Organization [26]

Note: Additional resources recommended by experts who participated in rounds 4 and 5 of the modified Delphi process are bolded