Table 4.

Multiple linear regression of predictors of dietary change in principal component scores over four-years in men^a

		Factor 1 Vegetable dishes, fruit, fish & poultry								Factor 2 Red or processed meat, white bread, fried fish & hot chips
	Model 1b					Model 2c				Model 1				Model 2
	n	β	95% CI		P-Value	β	95% CI		P-Value	β	95% CI		P-Value	β	95% CI		P-Value
Up to year 10	239	Ref.	–	–	–	Ref.	–	–	–	Ref.	–	–	–	Ref.	–	–	–
Year 12, trade or certificate	393	0.05	−0.02	0.13	0.150	0.05	− 0.02	0.12	0.172	−0.002	− 0.06	0.06	0.952	−0.001	− 0.06	0.06	0.970
University degree	319	0.17	0.09	0.24	< 0.001	0.14	0.06	0.22	0.001	−0.04	−0.11	0.02	0.195	−0.04	−0.11	0.03	0.277
Retired	329	0.03	−0.04	0.10	0.401	0.03	−0.05	0.10	0.495	−0.006	−0.05	0.04	0.790	0.02	−0.06	0.11	0.600
Relationship status
Living as married	851	Ref.	–	–	–	Ref.	–	–	–	Ref.	–	–	–	Ref.	–	–	–
Separated, divorced or widowed	99	−0.01	− 0.11	0.08	0.796	−0.003	− 0.10	0.09	0.949	−0.04	−0.14	0.07	0.530	−0.04	−0.14	0.06	0.443
Never married	55	0.02	−0.13	0.17	0.806	0.04	−0.12	0.19	0.638	0.007	−0.09	0.10	0.881	0.006	−0.10	0.09	0.906
Weight loss intentions
Not trying anything for my weight	480	Ref.	–	–	–	Ref.	–	–	–	Ref.	–	–	–	Ref.	–	–	–
Trying to avoid gaining weight	265	0.09	0.02	0.15	0.008	0.08	0.01	0.15	0.023	−0.06	− 0.12	− 0.0006	0.048	− 0.05	− 0.11	− 0.007	0.083
Trying to lose weight	260	0.02	−0.07	0.11	0.666	0.03	−0.07	0.13	0.502	−0.07	−0.13	− 0.02	0.010	− 0.07	−0.13	− 0.01	0.018
Smoking status
Never smoked	461	Ref.	–	–	–	Ref.	–	–	–	Ref.	–	–	–	Ref.	–	–	–
Former smoker	432	−0.04	− 0.10	0.01	0.112	− 0.08	− 0.16	0.007	0.074	−0.007	−0.07	0.05	0.805	−0.009	− 0.07	0.05	0.775
Current smoker	112	−0.09	− 0.21	0.03	0.154	−0.10	− 0.26	0.07	0.235	0.12	0.04	0.19	0.003	0.12	0.04	0.20	0.004
Meeting PA guidelines	525	0.11	0.04	0.17	0.003	0.09	0.02	0.16	0.008	−0.02	−0.06	0.03	0.477	− 0.007	− 0.05	0.04	0.745
Diagnosis of CM-related condition
No CM-related conditions	384	Ref.	–	–	–	Ref.	–	–	–	Ref.	–	–	–	Ref.	–	–	–
Diagnosed prior to 2010	491	0.03	−0.04	0.10	0.352	0.06	−0.01	0.14	0.111	0.02	−0.03	0.06	0.528	0.02	−0.03	0.06	0.466
Newly diagnosed within 2010–2014	130	0.04	−0.10	0.18	0.593	0.06	−0.08	0.20	0.385	−0.07	−0.15	− 0.01	0.101	− 0.07	− 0.15	0.02	0.102

Abbreviations: CI confidence interval. Ref. reference category, PA physical activity, CM cardiometabolic

^a. Baseline (2010) characteristics unless otherwise indicated

^b. Model 1: adjusted for sampling postcode clustering and baseline PCA score

^c. Model 2: adjusted for model 1 and additionally adjusted for age, body mass index, smoking and physical activity, where appropriate