Table 4.
Comparison of baseline and follow-up outcomes between groupsa
| Follow-up to baseline | Difference in change between groupsa | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Control | Mean (95% CI) | P value | Cohen’s d | |
| Primary | |||||
| Pain at rest (NRS) | −1.0 (0.9) | − 1.1 (1.0) | 0.1 (−0.2, 0.4) | 0.470 | 0.07 |
| Pain during walking (NRS) | −2.1 (1.6) | −1.9 (1.7) | −0.2 (− 0.8, 0.4) | 0.460 | 0.14 |
| Secondary | |||||
| Pain catastrophizing (PCS) | −13.7 (8.6) | −9.9 (8.7) | −3.8 (−0.2, −7.4) | 0.036 | 0.44 |
| Self-efficacy (PSEQ) | 6.0 (10.3) | 2.1 (10.5) | 4.0 (−0.3, 8.3) | 0.070 | 0.38 |
| Knee extension | |||||
| Operative side | −0.03 (0.14) | 0.00 (0.13) | −0.03 (− 0.08, 0.03) | 0.350 | 0.19 |
| Nonoperative side | 0.05 (0.11) | 0.02 (0.12) | 0.03 (−0.02, 0.07) | 0.248 | 0.24 |
| 10-m walking test | 0.1 (5.5) | 1.8 (5.0) | −1.7 (−3.8, 0.5) | 0.121 | 0.32 |
Data in first two columns are presented as mean (standard deviation). Baseline: preoperative, Follow-up: 5 weeks postoperatively, 95% CI 95% confidence interval, NRS numerical rating scale, PCS Pain Catastrophizing Scale, PSEQ Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire. aValues adjusted for baseline scores using analysis of covariance