Two central slices of (a) a malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) patient and (b) a nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient showing manual outlines of tumors (yellow) and a rectangular window (green) over the tumors used to generate parameter maps with pulmonary, systemic and dual arterial input conditions in Figures 2, 3, 4, respectively. The blue and magenta squares indicate the locations for sampling the pulmonary arterial and aortic input concentration‐time curves, respectively. Graphs illustrate examples of fitting the dual arterial input curves (middle left) and fitting the five different models with dual arterial input function (AIF) (middle right), pulmonary AIF only (lower left) and systemic AIF only (lower right) to voxel‐level tissue concentration‐time curves, which were sampled from (a) the MPM and (b) NSCLC, respectively. TK – Tofts‐Kety, ETK – extended TK, 2CX – two compartment exchange, AATH – adiabatic approximation to the tissue homogeneity, and DP – distributed parameter.