Table 3.
Crude and Adjusted Odds of Preference for Each Formulation Over Oral Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis
| Prefers long-acting injectable (n = 71) | Prefers rectal microbicide (n = 12) | Prefers antibody infusion (n = 25) | Prefers subdermal implant (n = 69) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | |
| Age | 1.03 (0.98–1.09) | 1.01 (0.96–1.07) | 0.99 (0.95–1.04) | 1.01 (0.97–1.05) | ||||
| Total barriers to oral PrEPa | 1.0 (0.78–1.28) | 0.99 (0.74–1.32) | 1.02 (0.75–1.37) | 1.14 (0.78–1.65) | 1.16 (0.92–1.46) | 1.16 (0.91–1.49) | 1.22 (0.96–1.56)* | 1.27 (0.97–1.66)* |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||||||
| Not black or Hispanic/Latino | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Black or Hispanic/Latino | 2.45 (0.86–6.98)* | 1.58 (0.47–5.29) | 1.45 (0.58–3.63) | 1.07 (0.45–2.51) | ||||
| Sexual orientation | ||||||||
| Bisexual | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Gay | 0.26 (0.03–2.14) | 0.60 (0.12–3.15) | 0.92 (0.22–3.76) | 3.07 (0.86–10.98)* | ||||
| Educationb | ||||||||
| High school or less | NA | NA | 3.38 (0.59–19.21)* | 3.5 (0.53–23.2) | 0.13 (0.21 to 0.79)** | 0.08 (0.01–0.61)** | ||
| College | 0.94 (0.34–2.55) | 1.1 (0.34–3.59) | 0.56 (0.17–1.90) | 0.54 (0.14–2.09) | 0.52 (0.10–2.59) | 1.9 (0.62–5.87) | 5.83 (1.03–32.91)** | 0.64 (0.23–1.82) |
| Graduate school | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Studentc | ||||||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 1.04 (0.26–4.16) | 1.29 (0.26–6.3) | 2.77 (0.64–11.94) | 3.9 (0.61–25.26)* | 1.33 (0.37–4.78) | 1.19 (0.28–4.98) | 2.75 (0.57–13.23) | 2.97 (0.54–16.31) |
| Incomed | ||||||||
| ≤ $29,999 | 0.85 (0.26–2.79) | 0.67 (0.15–3.02) | 1.22 (0.31–4.76) | 0.98 (0.16–6.11) | 1.69 (0.58–4.97) | 1.21 (0.30–4.79) | 0.71 (0.26–1.91) | 0.79 (0.22–2.84) |
| $30,000–$59,999 | 0.52 (0.16–1.61) | 0.56 (0.13–2.41) | 0.50 (0.09–2.66) | 0.52 (0.06–4.39) | 0.83 (0.27–2.62) | 0.56 (0.14–2.28) | 1.30 (0.44–3.81) | 1.82 (0.48–6.87) |
| ≥ $60,000 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Relationship status | ||||||||
| Single | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Monogamous | 1.86 (0.47–7.29) | 1.17 (0.28–4.87) | 0.98 (0.32–2.94) | 1.79 (0.60–5.37) | ||||
| Nonmonogamous | 1.61 (0.41–6.41) | 0.37 (0.04–3.14) | 0.72 (0.24–2.12) | 0.66 (0.17–2.60) | ||||
| Insurancee | ||||||||
| Private | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Public | 2.5 (0.76–8.21)* | 2.8 (0.71–11.1)* | 3.45 (0.96–12.34)* | 4.11 (0.87–19.46)* | 1.39 (0.51–3.78) | 1.08 (0.34–3.38) | 1.09 (0.43–2.77) | 1.28 (0.42–3.89) |
| Unstable housingf | ||||||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 0.60 (0.10–3.50) | 0.44 (0.59–3.24) | 15.17 (2.23–103.02)** | 13.89 (1.73–111.83)* | 0.96 (0.10–9.66) | 0.7 (0.06–8.47) | 1.85 (0.20–17.23) | 1.75 (0.17–18.44) |
| No. of sex partners, past 6 monthsg | ||||||||
| 0 partners | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 1–2 partners | 1.63 (0.36–7.33) | 1.57 (0.34–7.12) | 6.63 (0.73–60.22)* | 6.68 (0.72–61.52)* | 2.33 (0.52–10.57) | 2.13 (0.46–9.82) | 2.40 (0.65–8.81) | 2.36 (0.64–8.71) |
| 3–5 partners | 1.25 (0.27–5.73) | 1.31 (0.28–6.1) | 4.20 (0.40–44.40) | 3.85 (0.36–41.35) | 1.62 (0.31–8.48) | 1.56 (0.29–8.31) | 3.15 (0.75–13.17)* | 3.06 (0.72–12.95)* |
| 6 or more partners | 1.20 (0.33–4.29) | 1.32 (0.36–4.9) | 1.11 (0.09–12.92) | 0.96 (0.08–11.48) | 2.60 (0.63–10.74) | 2.45 (0.57–10.5) | 2.18 (0.71–6.69) | 2.09 (0.66–6.622) |
| STD diagnosish | ||||||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes, ever | 2.05 (0.54–7.69) | 2.1 (0.43–10.38) | 1.18 (0.16–8.92) | 0.81 (0.08–7.86) | 0.69 (0.17–2.77) | 0.59 (0.122–2.83) | 1.90 (0.63–5.73) | 3.26 (0.75–14.26) |
| Yes, past 6 months | 1.32 (0.45–3.87) | 1.2 (0.37–3.92) | 4.12 (0.81–20.93)* | 3.23 (0.52–20.1) | 2.72 (0.90–8.19)* | 2.85 (0.082–9.9) | 2.10 (0.78–5.65)* | 2.64 (0.85–8.19)* |
| Receptive sex, past 6 months | ||||||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Yes | 0.96 (0.33–2.79) | 0.70 (0.19–2.52) | 1.13 (0.41–3.10) | 2.39 (0.97–5.92)* | ||||
| Condomless sex, past 6 monthsi | ||||||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 0.84 (0.29–2.42) | 0.41 (0.69–2.42) | 1.43 (0.36–5.66) | 1.2 (0.22–6.74) | 3.15 (0.98–10.16)* | 3.86 (0.6–18.02) | 1.93 (0.78–4.78)* | 1.33 (0.34–5.17) |
| Sex with HIV positive partner, past 6 months | ||||||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Yes | 0.53 (0.18–1.54) | 1.08 (0.27–4.33) | 2.55 (0.93–7.03)* | 0.80 (0.31–2.07) | ||||
| Self-reported HIV riskj | ||||||||
| No risk | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Low risk | 0.38 (0.04–3.25) | 0.3 (0.03–3.09) | 0.46 (0.08–2.60) | 0.34 (0.39–3) | 0.68 (0.15–3.04) | 0.43 (0.58–2.8) | 2.71 (0.70–10.53)* | 3.56 (0.66–18.75)* |
| Medium risk | 0.50 (0.04–5.70) | 0.52 (0.04–7.4) | 0.53 (0.06–4.53) | 0.42 (0.03–6.14) | 0.73 (0.12–4.39) | 0.25 (0.03–2.4) | 4.67 (0.80–27.08)* | 7.87 (0.95–65.2)* |
| High risk | 0.25 (0.02–3.04) | 0.26 (0.02–3.93) | 0.44 (0.03–5.88) | 0.14 (0.02–2.98) | 0.50 (0.06–4.00) | 0.19 (0.16–2.2) | 0.67 (0.11–3.92) | 0.82 (0.1–6.93) |
*
Significant at p < 0.1.
**
Significant at p < 0.05.
a
Adjusted models include income, education, age, race/ethnicity, insurance, unstable housing.
b
Adjusted models include age, race/ethnicity, income.
c
Adjusted models include age, race/ethnicity, education.
d
Adjusted models include age, race/ethnicity, education, student status.
e
Adjusted models include income, age, education.
f
Adjusted models include age, race/ethnicity income, race, education.
g
Adjusted models include relationship status.
h
Adjusted models include age, number of sex partners, condomless sex, relationship status, and self-reported HIV risk.
i
Adjusted models include relationship status, number of sex partners.
j
Adjusted models include STD diagnosis, number of sex partners, receptive sex, condomless sex, sex with HIV-positive partner in the past 6 months.
aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; PrEP, pre-exposure prophylaxis; STD, sexually transmitted disease.