Table 3.
Cox-proportional hazards models for time to first treatment and switch/add-on
| Hazard ratios for time between PD diagnosis and first treatment with: | |||||||
| Any treatment | Levodopa/combination | Dopamine agonists | MAO-Bi | Amantadine | Other dopaminergic agent | ||
| Gender | Female | 0.93 (0.92, 0.95) | 0.91 (0.90, 0.93) | 0.99 (0.96, 1.02) | 0.81 (0.78, 0.84) | 0.99 (0.94, 1.05) | 0.78 (0.72, 0.86) |
| Age, years* | 50–70 | 1.37 (1.30, 1.45) | 1.55 (1.45, 1.66) | 0.93 (0.86, 0.99) | 0.89 (0.82, 0.97) | 0.78 (0.69, 0.88) | 0.83 (0.68, 1.03) |
| >70 | 1.21 (1.14, 1.28) | 1.91 (1.79, 2.04) | 0.39 (0.36, 0.42) | 0.30 (0.28, 0.33) | 0.33 (0.30, 0.38) | 0.62 (0.51, 0.77) | |
| CCI$ | 1 | 0.94 (0.91, 0.96) | 0.98 (0.96, 1.01) | 0.83 (0.80, 0.86) | 0.70 (0.66, 0.74) | 0.84 (0.78, 0.90) | 0.80 (0.72, 0.90) |
| 2 | 0.88 (0.86, 0.91) | 0.93 (0.90, 0.96) | 0.78 (0.74, 0.82) | 0.63 (0.59, 0.67) | 0.78 (0.71, 0.85) | 0.70 (0.61, 0.80) | |
| 3+ | 0.79 (0.77, 0.81) | 0.86 (0.84, 0.88) | 0.66 (0.63, 0.69) | 0.41 (0.38, 0.43) | 0.66 (0.61, 0.71) | 0.62 (0.55, 0.70) | |
| Hazard ratios for time to switch/add-on of another treatment class, following first-line treatment with: | |||||||
| Any treatment | Levodopa/combination | Dopamine agonists | MAO-Bi | Amantadine | Other dopaminergic agent | ||
| Gender | Female | 0.92 (0.90, 0.95) | 0.93 (0.90, 0.97) | 0.85 (0.81, 0.90) | 0.95 (0.88, 1.02) | 0.92 (0.82, 1.03) | 0.98 (0.74, 1.31) |
| Age, years* | 50–70 | 0.82 (0.76, 0.88) | 0.74 (0.66, 0.83) | 0.97 (0.86, 1.09) | 0.96 (0.83, 1.10) | 1.10 (0.85, 1.42) | 0.88 (0.12, 6.35) |
| >70 | 0.40 (0.37, 0.42) | 0.36 (0.32, 0.41) | 0.88 (0.77, 0.99) | 0.91 (0.79, 1.06) | 1.03 (0.79, 1.35) | 0.83 (0.11, 5.97) | |
| CCI$ | 1 | 0.81 (0.78, 0.84) | 0.83 (0.79, 0.87) | 0.83 (0.77, 0.89) | 0.90 (0.82, 0.99) | 0.82 (0.71, 0.95) | 0.70 (0.48, 1.00) |
| 2 | 0.76 (0.73, 0.80) | 0.80 (0.75, 0.85) | 0.75 (0.69, 0.82) | 0.93 (0.83, 1.04) | 0.68 (0.57, 0.82) | 0.83 (0.54, 1.27) | |
| 3+ | 0.65 (0.62, 0.67) | 0.70 (0.66, 0.73) | 0.65 (0.60, 0.70) | 0.84 (0.75, 0.95) | 0.62 (0.52, 0.73) | 0.76 (0.54, 1.09) | |
| Time to first treatment start, in years | 0.83 (0.80, 0.86) | 0.81 (0.77, 0.85) | 0.79 (0.73, 0.84) | 0.82 (0.76, 0.90) | 0.69 (0.61, 0.79) | 0.85 (0.63, 1.14) | |
*Reference category for age is <50 years. $CCI: with reference category of CCI = 0. ‘Switch/add-on’ means the initiation of another treatment class (those listed) different to the first (regardless if first line is discontinued or not). CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; PD, Parkinson’s disease.