Table 2.
Obstetric outcomes among women with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) compared to women without inflammatory arthritis in OTIS cohort 2004–2018 (n = 963)
| COMPARISON GROUP (N = 717) |
PsA (N = 117) |
AS (N = 129) |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | UNADJUSTED RISK RATIO (95% CI) | ADJUSTED RISK RATIOa (95% CI) | N (%) | UNADJUSTED RISK RATIO (95% CI) | ADJUSTED RISK RATIOa (95% CI) | |||
| Gestational age at delivery | |||||||||
| Preterm (<37 weeks’ gestation) | 61 (8.5) | 16 (13.7) | 1.61 (0.96–2.69) | 1.69 (0.94–3.03) | 14 (10.9) | 1.28 (0.74–2.21) | 1.51 (0.81–2.82) | ||
| Very preterm (<32 weeks)b | 6 (0.8) | 0 (0) | -- | -- | 3 (2.3) | 2.81 (0.71–11.06) | 10.19 (2.09–49.78) | ||
| Moderate preterm (≥32 weeks and <37 weeks)b | 55 (7.7) | 16 (13.7) | 1.77 (1.05–2.98) | 1.81 (1.01–3.26) | 11 (8.5) | 1.13 (0.61–2.10) | 1.22 (0.61–2.45) | ||
| Early term (≥37 weeks and <39 weeks)c | 192 (26.8) | 44 (37.6) | 1.49 (1.16–1.92) | 1.28 (0.97–1.70) | 35 (27.1) | 1.04 (0.77–1.41) | 1.03 (0.75–1.41) | ||
| Multiple pregnancy | 31 (4.3) | 6 (5.1) | 1.19 (0.51–2.78) | 0.92 (0.38–2.24) | 3 (2.3) | 0.54 (0.17–1.73) | 0.47 (0.14–1.65) | ||
| Obstetric complications | |||||||||
| Preeclampsia | 27 (3.8) | 10 (8.5) | 2.26 (1.12–4.54) | 2.22 (0.98–5.04) | 4 (3.1) | 0.82 (0.29–2.30) | 0.63 (0.19–2.04) | ||
| PIH without preeclampsia | 31 (4.3) | 11 (9.4) | 2.18 (1.12–4.21) | 1.11 (0.53–2.32) | 4 (3.1) | 0.72 (0.26–2.00) | 0.48 (0.14–1.70) | ||
| Placenta previa and/or abruption | 10 (1.4) | 0 (0) | -- | -- | 2 (1.6) | 1.11 (0.25–5.02) | 2.05 (0.44–9.55) | ||
| Preterm labor | 59 (8.4) | 19 (16.2) | 1.94 (1.20–3.13) | 2.05 (1.21–3.48) | 13 (10.2) | 1.21 (0.69–2.15) | 1.32 (0.72–2.44) | ||
| Gestational diabetes mellitus | 43 (6.1) | 11 (9.4) | 1.54 (0.82–2.90) | 1.41 (0.70–2.87) | 4 (3.1) | 0.51 (0.19–1.40) | 0.49 (0.18–1.34) | ||
| Fever during pregnancy | 137 (19.1) | 21 (17.9) | 0.94 (0.62–1.42) | 0.90 (0.58–1.41) | 29 (22.5) | 1.18 (0.83–1.68) | 1.08 (0.74–1.57) | ||
| Oligohydramnios | 11 (7.0) | 5 (25.0) | 3.59 (1.39–9.28) | 3.79 (1.34–10.74) | 1 (9.1) | 1.31 (0.19–9.21) | 2.69 (0.53–13.60) | ||
| Delivery Mode | |||||||||
| Caesarian delivery | 188 (26.2) | 57 (48.7) | 1.86 (1.49–2.32) | 1.63 (1.26–2.12) | 43 (33.3) | 1.27 (0.97–1.67) | 1.19 (0.88–1.61) | ||
| Adverse infant outcomes | |||||||||
| LBW (<2500 g) | 48 (6.7) | 11 (9.4) | 1.40 (0.75–2.63) | 1.52 (0.76–3.04) | 9 (7.0) | 1.04 (0.52–2.07) | 1.06 (0.50–2.27) | ||
| VLBW (<1500 g)d | 2 (0.3) | 1 (0.9) | -- | -- | 3 (2.3) | 8.18 (1.38–48.47) | 11.02 (2.24–54.12) | ||
| Hospitalization in NICU | 85 (11.9) | 14 (12.0) | 1.00 (0.59–1.71) | 1.06 (0.60–1.87) | 22 (17.2) | 1.44 (0.94–2.22) | 1.67 (1.05–2.67) | ||
Risk ratio computed using Poisson regression
Multivariable adjusted risk ratio computed using Poisson regression with robust standard errors for: Maternal age, Race (white), SES (high), Pre-pregnancy BMI, Smoking, Parity, Pre-existing medical disease (HTN, thyroid disease, diabetes, asthma), and previous adverse pregnancy outcome (preeclampsia, preterm, IUGR)
calculated with term pregnancy (≥37 weeks) as reference group
calculated with delivery ≥39 weeks as reference group
calculated with normal birth weight (≥2500 g) as reference group; PIH = pregnancy-induced hypertension; LBW = low birth weight; VLBW = very low birth weight; NICU = neonatal intensive care unit