Table 1.

Cardiac morphology and systolic function in 3-month-old offspring

	Con/PBS	Ob/PBS	Ob/ADN	P(ANOVA)
Male offspring	n = 7	n = 7	n = 9
Left ventricle
Anterior wall (diastole), mm	0.52 ± 0.01	0.51 ± 0.01	0.50 ± 0.01	0.34
Anterior wall (systole), mm	0.73 ± 0.01	0.71 ± 0.01	0.71 ± 0.01	0.43
Posterior wall (diastole), mm	0.52 ± 0.01	0.50 ± 0.01	0.50 ± 0.01	0.37
Posterior wall (systole), mm	0.73 ± 0.01	0.71 ± 0.01	0.71 ± 0.01	0.31
Internal volume (diastole), μl	57.3 ± 2.8	66.6 ± 3.1	64.1 ± 3.1	0.12
Internal volume (systole), μl	21.9 ± 2.0	25.6 ± 2.4	23.1 ± 1.9	0.49
Ejection fraction (%)	62.2 ± 1.8	62.0 ± 1.8	64.3 ± 1.8	0.61
Fractional shortening (%)	33.0 ± 1.2	33.0 ± 1.2	34.7 ± 1.4	0.56
Heart rate, bpm	502 ± 14	504 ± 12	532 ± 11	0.15
Female offspring	n = 10	n = 6	n = 8
Left ventricle
Anterior wall (diastole), mm	0.51 ± 0.01	0.49 ± 0.01	0.48 ± 0.01	0.26
Anterior wall (systole), mm	0.71 ± 0.02	0.69 ± 0.01	0.69 ± 0.02	0.53
Posterior wall (diastole), mm	0.50 ± 0.01	0.48 ± 0.01	0.48 ± 0.01	0.25
Posterior wall (systole), mm	0.71 ± 0.01	0.69 ± 0.01	0.69 ± 0.02	0.45
Internal volume (diastole), μl	50.3 ± 2.1a	62.6 ± 2.7b	55.6 ± 3.4ab	0.02
Internal volume (systole), μl	18.8 ± 0.9	23.5 ± 2.3	19.7 ± 1.5	0.10
Ejection fraction (%)	62.6 ± 1.1	62.8 ± 2.1	64.6 ± 1.5	0.59
Fractional shortening (%)	33.1 ± 0.8	33.4 ± 1.4	34.6 ± 1.1	0.54
Heart rate, bpm	542 ± 13	521 ± 15	529 ± 6	0.44

Mean ± SEM echocardiographic measurements of left ventricular morphology and systolic function and heart rate in 3-month-old offspring of control, PBS-infused pregnant mice and obese pregnant mice infused either with PBS or adiponectin from E14.5 to 18.5. Values in bold indicate significant overall effect of maternal treatment group by one-way ANOVA. Values with different superscripts, a or b, are significantly different from one another by pairwise post hoc comparison (P < 0.05, Holm–Sidak test)

ADN adiponectin, ANOVA analysis of variance, Con control, Ob obese, PBS phosphate-buffered saline