Fig. 4 ∣. Data from the OPTIMA-driven ablation procedures in the three patients from Fig.2.

a, Sites of ablation delivery (catheter tip locations marked by red dots) in the left atrium (LA) as rendered in CARTO intracardiac mapping system at the end of the clinical ablation procedure in three patients. Dashed ellipses indicate locations ablated based on locations of persistent RDs as identified by OPTIMA. As patient 7 also had targets in the right atrium (RA), Fig. S3 shows the annotated RA CARTO map from the same procedure. b, Bipolar electrogram recordings (five per panel) from a decapolar catheter placed in the coronary sinus during the procedure; recordings are from proximal (top) to distal (bottom) leads. Intracardiac electrograms recorded during the ablation procedure in patient 5. Ablation of the marked anterior LA reentrant driver (RD) target (asterisk in a, patient 5) resulted in a transient change from atrial fibrillation (AF) (top row of five electrograms) to an organized atrial tachycardia/flutter (AT/Afl) (bottom row of five electrograms). c, Intracardiac electrograms for patient 9. The top panel shows 5 electrograms for patient 9 prior to ablation (AF). Stable induced AF (top row of the middle panel) terminated abruptly (middle row of the middle panel) upon ablation of the marked posterior LA target (** in Figure 4a, patient 9) and AF could not be re-induced despite aggressive rapid pacing (bottom row of the bottom panel).