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. 2019 Oct 21;116(45):22833–22843. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1913575116

Fig. 6.

Fig. 6.

Ablation of HVC(X) neurons does not alter song degradation after deafening in adult zebra finches. (A) Timeline of HVC(X) ablation and deafening in the adult stage. (B) Deafening-induced degradation of the syllable sequence and acoustics in a control (green background) and HVC(X)-ablated (brown background) adult birds. (C) Similar rates of deafening-induced degradation of song motif structure between control and HVC(X)-ablated adult birds (n = 5 for each group; paired t test: *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01). The green and brown lines represent control and HVC(X)-ablated birds, respectively. The dotted and solid lines represent individual and average values, respectively. (D, Left) Similar rates of acoustic degradation after deafening between control and HVC(X)-ablated birds, as calculated by the K–L distance (n = 5 for each group; paired t test: ***P < 0.001). (D, Right) Remaining HVC(X) neurons in 3 representative birds [a control and 2 HVC(X)-ablated birds], visualized by NTS (red) and DAPI (blue). The white dotted lines represent the border of HVC.