Table 4.

Univariable and multivariable odds ratios for potential risk factors of prematurity in neonates born at Jimma University Specialized Hospital (n = 1400)

Characteristic	Univariable odds ratio (95% CI)	P	Multivariable odds ratio (95% CI)	P
Sex
Male	ref		ref
Female	1.71 (1.21 – 2.43)	0.003	1.69 (1.18 – 2.42)	0.004
Maternal age
18 – 34 years	ref		ref
<18 years	0.84 (0.19 – 3.61)	0.13	0.87 (0.19.3.95)	0.70
≥ 35 years c	1.74 (1.01 – 3.02)		1.31 (0.69 – 2.49)
Marital status
Married or defacto	ref		ref
Widowed, divorced, separated, or	3.26 (1.02 – 10.34)	0.05	4.07 (1.17 – 14.14)	0.03
never lived together
Maternal education
Higher, technical, or vocational	ref		ref
Secondary	0.98 (0.52 – 1.86)		0.78 (0.40 – 1.52)
Primary	1.50 (0.86 – 2.62)	0.002	0.89 (0.46 – 1.71)	0.89
None	2.35 (1.33 – 4.14)		0.92 (0.43 – 1.97)
Socioeconomic score by wealth quintile
Richest	ref		ref
Fourth	1.17 (0.60 – 2.28)		1.21 (0.60 – 2.42)
Middle	1.76 (0.94 – 3.28)	0.001	1.86 (0.92 – 3.76)	0.87
Second	1.85 (1.00–3.43)		1.89 (0.92 – 3.88)
Poorest	2.97 (1.66 – 5.33)		2.65 (1.25 – 5.59)
Gravida
Primigravida	ref		ref
Multigravida	1.78 (1.24 – 2.56)	0.002	0.38 (0.05 – 2.86)	0.35
Parity
Primiparous	ref		ref
Multiparous (2–4 births)	1.79 (1.22 – 2.63)		4.98 (0.66 – 37.47)	0.23
Grand multipara (≥5)	2.36 (1.43 – 3.88)	<0.001	3.92 (0.49 – 31.09)
Previous child deaths
0	ref
> 1	1.30 (0.81 – 2.10)	0.27
Number of antenatal care visits
≥ 4	ref		ref
1–3	1.49 (1.03 – 2.15)	0.07	1.26 (0.85 – 1.87)	0.47
0	1.70 (0.74 – 2.90)		0.96 (0.39 – 2.33)

CI = confidence interval