Table 1.

Overview of different types of shock

Shock (Hypotension + decreased tissue perfusion and oxygenation)
Low CO + fluid responsiveness	Low CO (+) fluid responsiveness	Low CO (+) fluid responsiveness	High CO (+) fluid responsiveness
Hypovolemic shock	Cardiogenic shock	Obstructive shock	Vasodilatory shock
Hemorrhage excessive diuresis “Third-spacing” under-resuscitated sepsis	Myocardial compromise, e.g., AMI, stress cardiomyopathy	Cardiac tamponade, tension pneumothorax, pulmonary embolism, dynamic hyperinflation	Sepsis Anaphylactic shock Drugs: Propofol, vasodilators Metabolic acidosis Hypocalcemia
Blood diagnostics Imaging to identify suspected bleeding sites Cardiac filling pressure Fluid challenge Blood transfusion, if bleeding	Imaging: echo, PAC Consider inotropes Consider MV support	Imaging: Chest radiograph, echo, pleural USG Bladder pressure MV waveforms Fluid challenge = correction of underlying cause	Diagnostics: Blood cultures, procalcitonin, ionized calcium, ABG, lactate Discontinue offending medications Increase vasopressors

ABG, arterial blood gas; AMI, acute myocardial infarction; CO, cardiac output; echo, echocardiography; MV, mechanical ventilation; PAC, pulmonary artery catheter; USG, ultrasonogram