Table 1.
Average hemodynamic parameters during baseline, isometric handgrip, PEI, and PEI combined with LBPP for low-, medium-, and high-intensity isometric handgrip
| Sessions |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exercise Intensity | Baseline | Handgrip | PEI | PEI + LBPP |
| SBP, mmHg | ||||
| Low | 130 ± 3 | 140 ± 3* | 138 ± 3* | 139 ± 3* |
| Medium | 130 ± 3 | 148 ± 3*† | 150 ± 3*† | 152 ± 4*† |
| High | 131 ± 3 | 161 ± 2*‡ | 168 ± 4*‡ | 168 ± 5*‡ |
| DBP, mmHg | ||||
| Low | 74 ± 2 | 81 ± 2* | 80 ± 2* | 79 ± 2* |
| Medium | 73 ± 2 | 87 ± 2*† | 87 ± 2*† | 88 ± 2*† |
| High | 73 ± 1 | 96 ± 2*‡ | 96 ± 2*‡ | 95 ± 2*‡ |
| Thoracic admittance, S × 10−4 | ||||
| Low | 384.8 ± 10.0 | 383.9 ± 10.0 | 385.9 ± 10.1 | 391.7 ± 10.1*¶ |
| Medium | 384.9 ± 9.9 | 384.0 ± 9.8 | 386.6 ± 10.0 | 392.1 ± 9.8*¶ |
| High | 383.9 ± 9.8 | 381.9 ± 9.5 | 386.2 ± 9.8 | 391.9 ± 9.9*¶ |
| MSNA TA, AU/min | ||||
| Low | 861.1 ± 80.7 | 1,157.0 ± 145.7* | 1,077.2 ± 71.8* | 612.6 ± 95.9¶ |
| Medium | 954.4 ± 65.7 | 2,135.0 ± 279.7*† | 1,867.6 ± 362.1*† | 1,207.8 ± 240.2*¶† |
| High | 823.9 ± 112.4 | 3,289.3 ± 532.7*‡ | 2,896.7 ± 446.4*‡ | 2,509.3 ± 377.1*‡ |
| MSNA BI, bursts/100 HR | ||||
| Low | 25.3 ± 3.6 | 29.0 ± 3.8 | 31.3 ± 3.5 | 16.9 ± 3.1*¶ |
| Medium | 24.0 ± 1.7 | 41.4 ± 3.4*† | 41.1 ± 3.1*† | 28.1 ± 3.1¶† |
| High | 24.8 ± 1.9 | 50.8 ± 5.0*‡ | 51.7 ± 5.8*‡ | 49.5 ± 4.5*‡ |
Values are means ± SE. PEI, postexercise ischemia; LBPP, lower-body negative pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; MSNA TA, muscle sympathetic nerve activity total activity; MSNA BI, muscle sympathetic nerve activity bursts incidence; AU, arbitrary units; HR, heart rate.
*
P < 0.05 vs. baseline.
¶
P < 0.05 vs. PEI.
†
P < 0.05, low vs. medium.
‡
P < 0.05, medium vs. high.