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Summary of the effects of unloading the inspiratory muscles during heavy-intensity exercise. Shown are representative within-breath esophageal (A: Pes) and transdiphragmatic pressure-time (B: Pdi) traces for 1 subject ensemble averaged over 1 min during spontaneous breathing (control) and proportional assist ventilation (PAV) at exercise iso-time. Note that with the use of PAV the esophageal and Pdi during inspiration were reduced by 50–70% vs control. Tracings from Romer et al. (64).
