Table 3.

Test of the hypothetical model’s effects.

Endogenous Variable	Exogenous Variable	B	SE	β	C.R	p	SMC
Problem-focused coping	Extraversion	0.26	0.08	0.26	3.26	0.001	0.133
	Optimism	0.19	0.08	0.17	2.48	0.013
	Calling	0.01	0.07	0.01	0.01	0.996
Deliberate rumination	Optimism	−0.20	0.16	−0.08	−1.29	0.197	0.223
	Calling	0.48	0.13	0.24	3.69	<0.001
	Problem-focused coping	0.86	0.14	0.39	6.32	<0.001
Posttraumatic growth	Extraversion	0.22	0.10	0.16	2.14	0.032	0.387
	Optimism	−0.01	0.09	−0.01	−0.02	0.984
	Calling	0.05	0.09	0.04	0.49	0.621
	Problem-focused coping	0.30	0.09	0.22	3.38	<0.001
	Deliberate rumination	0.26	0.04	0.41	6.43	<0.001

Abbreviations: SE, standard error; C.R, critical ratio; SMC, squared multiple correlation.