Table 1.

Operation definitions of variables.

Variable	Coding	Operation Definition
Recruit condition—being unable to move around without a wheelchair (2 categories)	0. No (Reference)	Mainly walk with canes or other assistive advice, including total independence.
	1. Yes	Resident could only move around with wheelchairs.
Initial cognition status (3 categories)	0. Severe cognitive impairment (Reference)	0 ≤ Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) ≤ 15.
	1. Mild cognitive impairment	16 ≤ MMSE ≤ 23.
	2. Normal	24 ≤ MMSE ≤ 30.
Health status (6 categories)	0. Others (Reference)	Other/unspecified condition.
	1. Stroke	Includes every types of strokes.
	2. Neurological condition excluded strokes	The most common diseases in this category are Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease.
	3. Arthritis	Includes every types of arthritis.
	4. Fracture	Fracture within a year.
	5. Cardiopulmonary disease	A range of serious disorders that affect the heart and lungs, e.g., Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder (COPD).
Family visit frequency (3 categories)	0. Low (Reference)	Less than 3 months.
	1. Moderate	Per month.
	2. High	Per week.
Intervention type (2 categories)	0. Combine into routine (Reference)	Integrate restorative care training strategies into resident’s original daily routine.
	1. Extra exercises	Carry out individualized training such as exercise modified for residents in a specific time. If the intervention strategies include both conditions, it would be classified as extra exercises.
Time	0. T0 (Reference)	Baseline.
	1. T1	Post-test after 6 months.
Gender	0. Male (Reference)	Male.
	1. Female	Female.
Age	Continuous variable	Age recorded at baseline (T0).
Social support from facility staff (ISSI)	Continuous variable	The total score of ISSI measured at baseline (T0).