Table 5.
Outcome changes in the pre-test (T0) and post-test (T1).
| T0 | T1 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | p Value | ||
| ADLs (n = 210) | Total scores | 53.1 | 24.25 | 58.12 | 26.56 | 0.000 *** |
| Feeding | 8.79 | 2.556 | 8.76 | 2.748 | 0.882 | |
| Dressing | 5.76 | 3.302 | 6.33 | 3.407 | 0.001 ** | |
| Toilet use | 6.33 | 2.997 | 6.57 | 3.193 | 0.123 | |
| Bathing | 0.57 | 1.595 | 1.14 | 2.105 | 0.000 *** | |
| Transfers | 9.24 | 5.459 | 9.93 | 5.279 | 0.006 ** | |
| Mobility | 7.6 | 4.993 | 8.5 | 5.269 | 0.002 ** | |
| Stairs | 1.45 | 2.751 | 1.95 | 3.169 | 0.006 ** | |
| Grooming | 3.45 | 2.317 | 3.76 | 2.163 | 0.012 * | |
| Bowels | 2.4 | 2.242 | 5.67 | 3.761 | 0.000 *** | |
| Bladder | 4.71 | 3.809 | 2.33 | 2.199 | 0.000 *** | |
| IADLs (n = 210) | Total scores | 0.83 | 1.3 | 1.06 | 1.5 | 0.001 ** |
| EQ-5D | Utility (n = 202) | 0.65 | 0.17 | 0.66 | 0.18 | 0.161 |
| VAS (n = 200) | 61.43 | 19.83 | 70.1 | 17.95 | 0.000 *** | |
| ISSI (n = 193) | Total score | 25.5 | 4.45 | 26.49 | 3.94 | 0.000 *** |
| Emotional support | 7.53 | 1.635 | 8.01 | 1.42 | 0.000 *** | |
| Social integration | 7.7 | 1.55 | 7.9 | 1.43 | 0.054 | |
| Information support | 5.2 | 1.06 | 5.45 | 0.86 | 0.001 ** | |
| Substantive support | 5.03 | 1.04 | 5.1 | 1.02 | 0.294 | |
| GDS-15 (n = 198) | 4.24 | 3.51 | 3.61 | 2.9 | 0.001 ** | |
| MMSE (n = 195) | 15.75 | 5.91 | 15.87 | 6.04 | 0.698 | |
*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001. For abbreviations see Table 2.