Table 2.

Microbial Domains Comparisons [48].

Property	Bacteria	Archaea	Fungi
Cell Membrane	Made up of peptidoglycan and lipids are linked via ester molecule,	Made up of pseudo-peptidoglycan and lipids are linked via ether molecule	Made up of different structures and lipids are linked via ester molecule
Gene Structure and Configuration	Chromosomes are circular, translation and transcription are unique	Chromosomes are circular, translation and transcription are similar to eukaryotes (fungi)	Chromosomes are multiple and linear, translation and transcription are similar to archaea
Structure of Internal Cell	The nucleus or organelles has no membrane bound	The nucleus or organelles has no membrane bound	There is membrane bound nucleus and organelles
Metabolic Reaction	There are several, including aerobic and anaerobic respiration, photosynthetic, autotrophic reactions and fermentation	There are several with methanogenic reaction specifically unique to this domain	Cellular respiration, fermentation and photosynthetic reaction
Reproduction	Reproduction is asexual and transfer of genes is horizontal	Reproduction is asexual and transfer of genes is horizontal	Reproduction is sexual and asexual