Table 1.
Anthropometric characteristics of the subjects according to gender (top) or age group (bottom).
| Individual Characteristics |
Total
(n = 188) |
Male
(n = 103) |
Female
(n = 85) |
p
Value
(KS/KW test) |
|
| Age (years) Mean ± S.D. | 12.9 ± 3.8 | 12.9 + 3.9 | 12.9 + 3.6 | 0.719 | |
| Height (m) Mean ± S.D. | 1.6 ± 1.7 | 1.6 + 1.9 | 1.5 + 1.3 | 0.729 | |
| Weight (Kg) Mean ± S.D. | 50.1 ± 17.3 | 52.7 + 19 | 46.8 + 13.8 | 0.090 | |
| BMI Mean ± S.D. | 19.6 ± 3.8 | 19.9 + 4 | 19.1 + 3.4 | 0.229 | |
|
BMI
IOTF No. (%) |
Underweight | 17 (9%) | 7 (6.8%) | 10 (11.6%) | |
| Normal weight | 132 (69.8%) | 76 (73.8%) | 56 (65.1%) | ||
| Overweight | 27 (14.3%) | 10 (9.7%) | 17 (19.8%) | ||
| Obese | 12 (6.9%) | 10 (9.7%) | 2 (3.5%) | ||
|
Smoking habits
No. (%) |
No | 134 (70.9%) | 71 (68.9%) | 63 (73.2%) | |
| Passive | 41 (21.7%) | 20 (19.4%) | 21 (24.4%) | ||
| Active | 14 (7.4%) | 9 (11.7%) | 5 (5.8%) | ||
|
Isoprostane (ng/mg Crea) Mean ± S.D. (Min–Max) |
4.5 ± 4.7 (0.2–38.8) |
4 ± 3.8 (0.8–17.7) |
5.1 ± 5.7 (0.2–38.8) |
0.06 | |
|
Cotinine (ng/mg Crea) Mean ± S.D. (Min–Max) |
102 ± 196.9 (0.1–1730.9) |
92.6 ± 151.4 (0.1–742.5) |
115.5 ± 241 (0.1–1730.9) |
0.15 | |
| FVC Mean ± S.D. | 3.5 ± 1.5 | 3.8 ± 1.7 | 3.1 ± 1.2 | 0.00 | |
| FEV1 Mean ± S.D. | 3.1 ±1.3 | 3.4 ± 1.5 | 2.7 ± 0.9 | 0.00 | |
| FEF25 Mean ± S.D. | 5.4 ± 2.3 | 6 ± 2.7 | 4.8 ± 1.4 | 0.00 | |
| FEF50 Mean ± S.D. | 3.9 ± 1.7 | 4.3 ± 2.1 | 3.6 ± 1.1 | 0.00 | |
| FEF25–75 Mean ± S.D. | 3.5 ± 1.6 | 3.9 ±1.7 | 3.2 ± 1.1 | 0.00 | |
| FEV1/FVC Mean ± S.D. | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.04 | 0.8 ± 0.08 | 0.011 | |
| R5 tot Mean ± S.D. | 4.2 ± 1.7 | 4.2 ± 1.9 | 4.2 ± 1.4 | 0.01 | |
|
6–10 years old
(n = 74) |
11–15 years old
(n = 53) |
15 + years old
(n = 61) |
p
Value
(KS/KW test) |
||
|
Isoprostane (ng/mg Crea) Mean ± S.D. |
4.7 ± 5.3 | 3.8 ± 4.2 | 5.1 ± 4.5 | 0.00 | |
|
Cotinine (ng/mg Crea) Mean ± S.D. |
74.6 ± 109.7 | 33.2 ± 111.6 | 196.7 ± 284.7 | 0.00 | |
| FVC Mean ± S.D. | 2.2 ± 0.4 | 3.7 ± 1.3 | 4.9 ± 1.3 | 0.00 | |
| FEV1 Mean ± S.D. | 1.9 ± 0.3 | 3.3 ± 1 | 4.3 ± 1.2 | 0.00 | |
| FEF25 Mean ± S.D. | 3.7 ± 0.6 | 5.7 ± 1.7 | 7.4 ± 2.4 | 0.00 | |
| FEF50 Mean ± S.D. | 2.7 ± 0.5 | 4.1 ± 1.2 | 5.4 ± 1.9 | 0.00 | |
| FEF25–75 Mean ± S.D. | 2.4 ± 0.5 | 3.7 ± 1.1 | 4.9 ± 1.8 | 0.00 | |
| FEV1/FVC Mean ± S.D. | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.00 | |
| R5 tot Mean ± S.D. | 5.7 ± 1.3 | 4 ± 1.3 | 2.8 ± 0.7 | 0.00 | |
| X5 tot Mean ± S.D. | −1.8 ± 0.8 | −1.2 ± 0.7 | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 0.54 | |
BMI = Body Mass Index; IOTF = International Obesity Task Force; FVC= Forced Vital Capacity; FEV1 = Forced expiratory Volume in the First Second; FEF= Maximal Expiratory Flows; FEV1/FVC = FEV1/FVC ratio; Crea = Creatinine; R5 tot= total resistance; X5tot = total reactance