Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics Of AIS Patients In Training And Validation Cohort
| Variables | Training Cohort (n=643) | Validation Cohort (n=340) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Stroke-associated pneumonia | 70 (10.9%) | 50 (14.7%) | 0.082 |
| Demographic characteristics | |||
| Age (years) | 66.3±12.0 | 66.4±11.4 | 0.885 |
| Gender | 0.392 | ||
| Male, n (%) | 404 (62.8%) | 223 (65.6%) | |
| Female, n (%) | 239 (37.2%) | 117 (34.4%) | |
| TOAST | 0.853 | ||
| Large-vessel disease | 504 (78.4%) | 268 (78.8%) | |
| Cardioembolism | 80 (12.4%) | 47 (13.8%) | |
| Lacunar | 45 (7.0%) | 19 (5.6%) | |
| Other | 6 (0.9%) | 2 (0.6%) | |
| Unknown | 8 (1.2%) | 4 (1.2%) | |
| Clinical parameters | |||
| NHISS score, median (IQR) | 3.0 (1.0–7.0) | 3.0 (1.0–6.0) | 0.846 |
| NHISS categories | 0.200 | ||
| 0–4 | 408 (63.4%) | 217 (63.8%) | |
| 5–15 | 198 (30.8%) | 112 (32.9%) | |
| ≥16 | 37 (5.8%) | 11 (3.3%) | |
| Thrombolysis, n (%) | 28 (4.4%) | 11 (3.2%) | 0.390 |
| Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 36 (5.6%) | 16 (4.7%) | 0.552 |
| Nasogastric tubes intervention, n (%) | 76 (11.8%) | 32 (9.4%) | 0.251 |
| Current smoking, n (%) | 264 (41.1%) | 134 (39.4%) | 0.617 |
| Current drinking, n (%) | 236 (36.7%) | 131 (38.5%) | 0.573 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 153.7±24.5 | 150.9±23.8 | 0.088 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 83.2±13.5 | 83.5±14.4 | 0.730 |
| History of stroke, n (%) | 83 (12.9%) | 56 (16.5%) | 0.127 |
| Pre-existing comorbidities | |||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 521 (81.0%) | 282 (82.9%) | 0.460 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 275 (42.8%) | 146 (42.9%) | 0.958 |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 88 (13.7%) | 37 (10.9%) | 0.210 |
| Coronary heart disease, n (%) | 12 (1.9%) | 9 (2.6%) | 0.421 |
| Congestive heart failure, n (%) | 19 (3.0%) | 13 (3.8%) | 0.465 |
| COPD, n (%) | 9 (1.4%) | 3 (0.9%) | 0.559 |
| Laboratory parameters | |||
| Fast blood glucose (mmol/L) | 6.5±2.6 | 6.4±2.4 | 0.405 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.0±0.2 | 1.0±0.3 | 0.139 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.7±1.0 | 2.7±0.9 | 0.539 |
| SCr (µmol/L) | 77.5±48.5 | 79.0±59.7 | 0.667 |
| GFR | 88.1±21.5 | 87.8±20.9 | 0.839 |
| Erythrocyte (×1012/L) | 4.4±0.6 | 4.4±0.5 | 0.715 |
| Hcy (µmol/L) | 13.8±8.6 | 13.5±7.7 | 0.585 |
| Leukocyte (×109/L) | 7.5±2.7 | 7.4±2.5 | 0.356 |
| Platelet (×109/L) | 223.4±70.3 | 227.9±69.3 | 0.334 |
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 135.4±18.0 | 135.9±18.3 | 0.660 |
| Fibrinogen (g/L) | 3.7±1.2 | 3.5±1.2 | 0.123 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.7±1.3 | 4.7±1.2 | 0.818 |
| Leukocyte categories (×109/L) | 0.423 | ||
| <10.0 | 514 (79.9%) | 279 (82.1%) | |
| ≥10.0 | 129 (20.1%) | 61(17.9%) | |
| Fibrinogen categories (g/L) | 0.133 | ||
| < 3.68 | 386 (60.4%) | 222 (65.3%) | |
| ≥ 3.68 | 253 (39.6%) | 118 (34.7%) |
Abbreviations: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; Hcy, homocysteine; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; SAP, stroke-associated pneumonia; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SCr, serum creatinine concentration.