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STAT4, STAT6, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 are potential biomarkers for stable COPD with lung-qi deficiency syndrome. STAT4: signal transducers and activators of transcription 4; STAT6: signal transducers and activators of transcription 6; MMP-9: matrix metalloproteinase-9; TIMP-1: tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1.
