Table 2.
Hazard ratios (subsequent TKA within maximum of 20 years) of ACL reconstruction
| Factor | Risk of subsequent TKA |
|
|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted HR (CI) | Adjusted HR (CI) | |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Female | 2.4 (2.1–2.9) | 1.5 (1.3–1.8) |
| Age (years) | ||
| < 20 | – | – |
| 20–29 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 30–39 | 6.2 (4.4–8.8) | 6.2 (4.4–8.8) |
| 40–49 | 20 (14–28) | 19 (13–26) |
| 50–59 | 46 (32–66) | 42 (29–61) |
| ≥ 60 | – | – |
| Year of ACL reconstruction | ||
| per year | 1.0 (1.0–1.1) | 1.0 (0.99–1.0) |
| Charlson comorbidity index | ||
| per unit | 1.1 (1.0–1.1) | 1.0 (0.96–1.1) |
| Index of multiple deprivation (quintile) | ||
| 1 = least | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 2 | 1.1 (0.9–1.5) | 1.2 (0.90–1.5) |
| 3 | 1.1 (0.9–1.5) | 1.2 (0.94–1.6) |
| 4 | 1.2 (0.95–1.6) | 1.6 (1.2–2.1) |
| 5 = most | 1.4 (1.1–1.8) | 2.0 (1.5–2.6) |
| Rurality | ||
| Urban | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Rural | 1.2 (0.94–1.4) | 1.1 (0.86–1.3) |
| Ethnicity | ||
| White | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Asian | 0.35 (0.18–0.67) | 0.40 (0.21–0.77) |
| Black | – | – |
| Mixed | – | – |
| Other | – | – |
| Concurrent: | ||
| Isolated ACLr | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Chondral surgery | 2.0 (1.3–3.2) | 1.5 (0.92–2.3) |
| Meniscal surgerya | 0.39 (0.29–0.53) | 0.41 (0.30–0.56) |
TKA = total or partial knee arthroplasty.
HR = hazard ratio; CI = 95% confidence interval.
a
with or without concurrent chondral surgery.