Skip to main content
. 2019 Nov 11;176(Suppl 1):S142–S228. doi: 10.1111/bph.14749
Nomenclature http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/ObjectDisplayForward?objectId=404 http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/ObjectDisplayForward?objectId=405
HGNC, UniProt https://www.genenames.org/data/gene‐symbol‐report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:4075, http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P14867 https://www.genenames.org/data/gene‐symbol‐report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:4076, http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P47869
Agonists http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4322 [GABA site], http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4226 [GABA site], http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4227 [GABA site], http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4259 [GABA site], http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4287 [GABA site] http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4322 [GABA site], http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4226 [GABA site], http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4227 [GABA site], http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4259 [GABA site], http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4287 [GABA site]
Selective antagonists http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=2312 [GABA site], http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4197 [GABA site] http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=2312 [GABA site], http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4197 [GABA site]
Channel blockers http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4320, http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4051 http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4320, http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4051
Endogenous allosteric modulators http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4108 (Potentiation), http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=566 (Inhibition), http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4321 (Potentiation) http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4108 (Potentiation), http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=566 (Inhibition), http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4321 (Potentiation)
Allosteric modulators http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4192 [benzodiazepine site] (Antagonist) (pK i 9.1) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9767648?dopt=AbstractPlus], http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=6963 (Positive) (pK i 8.9) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2551039?dopt=AbstractPlus], http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4193 [benzodiazepine site] (Positive) (pK i 8.3) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8632757?dopt=AbstractPlus], http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=3364 [benzodiazepine site] (Positive) (pK i 7.8) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2551039?dopt=AbstractPlus], http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=7111 [benzodiazepine site] (Positive) (pEC50 7.4) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12408715?dopt=AbstractPlus], http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4094 [benzodiazepine site] (Inverse agonist), http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4095 [benzodiazepine site] (Inverse agonist), http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4179 [benzodiazepine site] (Inverse agonist) http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4192 [benzodiazepine site] (Antagonist) (pK i 9.1) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9767648?dopt=AbstractPlus], http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=6963 (Positive) (pK i 8.8) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2551039?dopt=AbstractPlus], http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4193 [benzodiazepine site] (Positive) (pK i 8.3) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8632757?dopt=AbstractPlus], http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=7111 [benzodiazepine site] (Positive) (pEC50 7.9) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12408715?dopt=AbstractPlus], http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=3364 [benzodiazepine site] (Positive) (pK i 7.8) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2551039?dopt=AbstractPlus], http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4094 [benzodiazepine site] (Inverse agonist), http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4095 [benzodiazepine site] (Inverse agonist), http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4179 [benzodiazepine site] (Inverse agonist)
Selective allosteric modulators http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4348 (Positive) (pK i 7.4–7.7) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8719414?dopt=AbstractPlus, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8813598?dopt=AbstractPlus], http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4241 [benzodiazepine site] (Antagonist), http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4347 [benzodiazepine site] (Antagonist), http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4221 [benzodiazepine site] (Full agonist), http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4277 [benzodiazepine site] (Full agonist) http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4241 [benzodiazepine site] (Partial agonist), http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4327 [benzodiazepine site] (Partial agonist)
Labelled ligands http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4367 [benzodiazepine site] (Allosteric modulator, Antagonist), http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4368 [benzodiazepine site] (Allosteric modulator, Antagonist), http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4369 [anion channel] (Channel blocker), http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4366 [benzodiazepine site] (Allosteric modulator, Mixed), http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4360 [benzodiazepine site] (Allosteric modulator, Positive), http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4083 [GABA site] (Antagonist), http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4090 [GABA site] (Agonist), http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4362 [benzodiazepine site] (Allosteric modulator, Positive) http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4367 [benzodiazepine site] (Allosteric modulator, Antagonist), http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4368 [benzodiazepine site] (Allosteric modulator, Antagonist), http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4369 [anion channel] (Channel blocker), http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4366 [benzodiazepine site] (Allosteric modulator, Mixed), http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4360 [benzodiazepine site] (Allosteric modulator, Full agonist), http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4083 [GABA site] (Antagonist), http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=4090 [GABA site] (Agonist)
Comments http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=566 is an endogenous allosteric regulator and causes potent inhibition of receptors formed from binary combinations of α and β subunits, incorporation of a δ or γ subunit causes a modest, or pronounced, reduction in inhibitory potency, respectively [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9508826?dopt=AbstractPlus] http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=566 is an endogenous allosteric regulator and causes potent inhibition of receptors formed from binary combinations of α and β subunits, incorporation of a δ or γ subunit causes a modest, or pronounced, reduction in inhibitory potency, respectively [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9508826?dopt=AbstractPlus]