Table 1.
Demographic characteristics and health status of the participants.
| Variables | Urban
|
Rural
|
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men (N=3838) | Women (N=3918) | Men (N=5866) | Women (N=5997) | |
| Age, Mean±SD | 82.0±9.2 | 83.0±9.2 | 81.7±9.3 | 83.2±9.4 |
| Educational attainment, N (%) | ||||
| 0 year | 1023 (26.7) | 2720 (69.8) | 2378 (40.6) | 5100 (85.4) |
| 1-6 years | 1810 (47.3) | 837 (21.5) | 2782 (47.5) | 798 (13.4) |
| 7-9 years | 417 (10.9) | 171 (4.4) | 420 (7.2) | 49 (0.8) |
| 9 + years | 577 (15.1) | 167 (4.3) | 272 (4.6) | 25 (0.4) |
| Currently married, N (%) | 2142 (55.8) | 946 (24.1) | 2932 (50.0) | 1504 (25.1) |
| Currently smoking, N (%) | 1260 (32.9) | 325 (8.3) | 2351 (40.1) | 418 (7.0) |
| Currently drinking, N (%) | 1169 (30.5) | 355 (9.1) | 2101 (35.8) | 597 (10.0) |
| Sufficient living expenses, N (%) | 3269 (85.2) | 3117 (79.6) | 4538 (77.4) | 4532 (75.6) |
| Adequate medical service, N (%) | 3623 (94.4) | 3608 (92.1) | 5252 (89.5) | 5266 (87.8) |
| Physical exercise, N (%) | 2028 (52.9) | 1490 (38.1) | 1600 (27.3) | 1124 (18.8) |
| Diabetes, N (%) | 156 (4.1) | 158 (4.0) | 72 (1.2) | 102 (1.7) |
| Stroke, N (%) | 309 (8.1) | 249 (6.4) | 294 (5.0) | 264 (4.4) |
| Cardiovascular disease, N (%) | 457 (11.9) | 559 (14.3) | 307 (5.2) | 395 (6.6) |
| Disability at entry, N (%) | ||||
| No disability | 2145 (55.9) | 1574 (40.2) | 3169 (54.0) | 2260 (37.7) |
| Mild disability | 1064 (27.7) | 1464 (37.4) | 2042 (34.8) | 2702 (45.1) |
| Severe disability | 629 (16.4) | 880 (22.5) | 655 (11.2) | 1035 (17.3) |
Note: Data come from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS).
Numbers calculated as a percentage of the nonmissing values.
The number of participants with missing values at entry was 73 for education, 2 for marital status, 14 for currently smoking, 14 for currently drinking, 4 for living expenses, 4 for medical service, 30 for physical activity, 6 for diabetes, 4 for cardiovascular disease, and 5 for stroke.