Figure 7. Late changes in CF signals represent positive reward outcomes.

(A) Single trial calcium traces in a 6− compartment with (late (↓); black) or without (no; gray) decreases in CF signals during the late response window aligned to lick onset during licking trials (hit and FA) and non-task licking epochs (1.2 to 2.2 s from lick onset). (B) Same as panel (A) but for increases (late (+)) in a 5a− compartment. (C) Coefficients of GLMM fit for single trial ΔF/F during the late response window in each AldC compartment during licking trials (hit and FA) and non-task licking epochs by the presence (1) or absence (0) of reward in the trial (n = 5, 6, 10, 12, 12, 10, 3, and two mice; 427, 627, 736, 1081, 1270, 1137, 675, and 263 trials and epochs for 7+, 6−, 6+, 5−, 5+, 5a−, 5a+ and 4b− compartments, respectively). Colored dots and error bars represent means ± s.e.m. Red and blue colors correspond to AldC+ and AldC− compartments, respectively. ANOVA on GLMM fit: ***p<0.001. (A, B) The late response window is indicated by gray vertical lines. A dashed vertical line represents the lick onset. Light blue shadings represent the window for reward delivery. Thick lines and shadings represent means ± s.e.m.