Fig. 3.

Emotional modulation of pain (left graph) and nociceptive flexion reflexes (NFR, right graph) by mutilation, neutral, and erotica pictures in anger-in groups (low anger-in, high anger-in). Suprathreshold electric stimulations elicited higher pain ratings during mutilation pictures than neutral pictures, whereas electric stimulations elicited lower pain ratings during erotic pictures than neutral pictures. Both groups displayed similar pain modulation in response to picture contents, but the high anger-in group reported more overall pain in response to the electric stimulations. Suprathreshold electric stimulations elicited larger NFRs during mutilation pictures than neutral and erotic pictures. However, NFRs during neutral and erotic pictures did not significantly differ. There were no significant group differences in emotional modulation of NFR. *Statistically significant at p < .05. n.s. = nonsignificant