Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the study population grouped by the optimal cutoff value of big endothelin-1.
| Overall | Big ET-1 < 0.79 pmol/L | Big ET-1 ≥ 0.79 pmol/L | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 6150) | (n = 4166) | (n = 1984) | ||
| Demographics | ||||
| Age, year | 60.9 ± 10.0 | 60.5 ± 9.9 | 61.8 ± 10.2 | < 0.001 |
| Male | 4924 (80.1) | 3367 (80.8) | 1557 (78.5) | 0.032 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.9 ± 3.1 | 25.8 ± 3.0 | 26.0 ± 3.1 | 0.192 |
| Medical history and risk factor | ||||
| Hypertension | 4176 (67.9) | 2785 (66.9) | 1391 (70.1) | 0.010 |
| Diabetes | 2189 (35.6) | 1428 (34.3) | 761 (38.4) | 0.002 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 3691 (60.0) | 2529 (60.7) | 1162 (58.6) | 0.110 |
| Previous MI | 2204 (35.8) | 1454 (34.9) | 750 (37.8) | 0.027 |
| Previous stroke | 646 (10.5) | 406 (9.7) | 240 (12.1) | 0.005 |
| COPD | 76 (1.2) | 44 (1.1) | 32 (1.6) | 0.065 |
| PAD | 575 (9.3) | 376 (9.0) | 199 (10.0) | 0.206 |
| CKD | 57 (0.9) | 24 (0.6) | 33 (1.7) | < 0.001 |
| Smoker | 3392 (55.2) | 2300 (55.2) | 1092 (55.0) | 0.901 |
| Clinical characteristic | ||||
| SAP | 2406 (39.1) | 1662 (39.9) | 744 (37.5) | 0.072 |
| ACS | 3744 (60.9) | 2504 (60.1) | 1240 (62.5) | 0.072 |
| Left main involvement | 1435 (23.3) | 952 (22.9) | 483 (24.3) | 0.196 |
| LVEF, % | 58.3 ± 9.5 | 58.9 ± 8.9 | 57.2 ± 10.4 | < 0.001 |
| Big ET-1, pmol/L | 0.65 (0.50–0.86) | 0.56 (0.45–0.66) | 1.05 (0.87–2.14) | < 0.001 |
| Troponin I, ng/mL | 0.03 (0.01–0.09) | 0.02 (0.01–0.07) | 0.03 (0.02–0.14) | < 0.001 |
| NT-proBNP, pmol/L | 632.0 (445.8–972.8) | 596.1 (424.2–880.4) | 715.4 (497.5–1241.4) | < 0.001 |
| hsCRP, mg/L | 2.05 (1.00–5.45) | 1.93 (0.96–4.70) | 2.39 (1.08–6.93) | < 0.001 |
| Creatinine clearance, mL/min | 86.7 ± 27.5 | 87.9 ± 27.0 | 84.1 ± 28.5 | < 0.001 |
| Procedural characteristic | ||||
| SYNTAX score | ||||
| ≤ 22 | 2255 (36.7) | 1570 (38.7) | 685 (35.8) | 0.027 |
| 23–32 | 2271 (36.9) | 1534 (37.8) | 737 (38.5) | 0.642 |
| ≥ 33 | 1444 (23.5) | 950 (23.4) | 494 (25.8) | 0.048 |
| Treatment | ||||
| MT | 1690 (27.5) | 1073 (25.8) | 617 (31.1) | < 0.001 |
| PCI | 2576 (41.9) | 1757 (42.2) | 819 (41.3) | 0.506 |
| CABG | 1884 (30.6) | 1336 (32.1) | 548 (27.6) | < 0.001 |
| Medication at discharge | ||||
| Aspirin | 5908 (96.1) | 4036 (96.9) | 1872 (94.4) | < 0.001 |
| Clopidogrel | 3328 (54.1) | 2284 (54.8) | 1044 (52.6) | 0.105 |
| ACEI | 2215 (36.0) | 1495 (35.9) | 720 (36.3) | 0.757 |
| ARB | 1013 (16.5) | 671 (16.1) | 342 (17.2) | 0.264 |
| Beta-blocker | 5457 (88.7) | 3694 (88.7) | 1763 (88.9) | 0.825 |
| CCB | 2097 (34.1) | 1409 (33.8) | 688 (34.7) | 0.508 |
| Statin | 4149 (67.5) | 2799 (67.2) | 1350 (68.0) | 0.502 |
Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation, median (interquartile range), or number (%).
ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blockers; BMI, body mass index; CCB, calcium channel blocker; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide; PAD, peripheral artery disease.