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. 2019;36(2):99–105. doi: 10.5511/plantbiotechnology.19.0417a

Figure 4. Schematic diagrams of the induction of autophagy at specific stages for rice tapetal degradation. The tapetum, the innermost of the four sporophytic layers of the anther wall directly contacts with the developing gametophytes and acts as a nutritional source for the development of microspore by undergoing degeneration triggered by PCD from stage 8 to 11. Unbroken and broken arrows indicate established and hypothetical links, respectively.

Figure 4. Schematic diagrams of the induction of autophagy at specific stages for rice tapetal degradation. The tapetum, the innermost of the four sporophytic layers of the anther wall directly contacts with the developing gametophytes and acts as a nutritional source for the development of microspore by undergoing degeneration triggered by PCD from stage 8 to 11. Unbroken and broken arrows indicate established and hypothetical links, respectively.