Table 1.
Demographic and clinical variables of the study participants
| HEC group (N = 40) | LLD group (N = 55) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | P value | |
| Age (yrs) | 68.10 | 5.30 | 66.36 | 5.42 | 0.12 |
| Gender (M/F) | 15/25 | 17/38 | 0.50 | ||
| Education (yrs) | 10.56 | 4.82 | 7.27 | 2.52 | <0.001 |
| MMSE | 27.58 | 1.80 | 28.18 | 1.50 | 0.07 |
| HAMD | 4.95 | 3.82 | 11.66 | 6.41 | <0.001 |
| HAMA | 6.32 | 4.12 | 13.34 | 8.48 | <0.001 |
| GDS | 3.10 | 2.84 | 7.37 | 3.55 | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: M/F, Male/Female; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; HAMD, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; HAMA, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale; GDS, Geriatric Depression Scale.