Table 2.

Prevalence Ratios (95% CI) for Activity Limitations Among US Adults 50 to 64 Years Old with Versus Without Individual Chronic Conditions

Chronic condition	Functional limitations	Mobility limitations	BADL difficulty	IADL difficulty
Prevalence ratio (95% CI) - model 1
Hypertension	1.34 (1.17–1.53)	1.48 (1.20–1.81)	1.65 (1.30–2.09)	1.51 (1.21–1.87)
High cholesterol	1.25 (1.10–1.42)	1.39 (1.04–1.85)	1.55 (1.30–1.85)	1.35 (1.13–1.60)
Diabetes mellitus	1.48 (1.33–1.66)	1.72 (1.35–2.20)	1.82 (1.50–2.22)	1.91 (1.55–2.35)
Obesity	1.67 (1.43–1.94)	2.00 (1.56–2.57)	1.83 (1.43–2.35)	1.75 (1.36–2.26)
CKD	1.47 (1.28–1.67)	1.72 (1.25–2.36)	1.76 (1.49–2.08)	1.63 (1.32–2.02)
Cancer	1.11 (0.96–1.29)	1.35 (1.05–1.75)	1.31 (0.98–1.76)	1.40 (1.10–1.78)
Stroke	1.98 (1.69–2.33)	2.03 (1.27–3.26)	3.07 (2.48–3.81)	2.69 (2.04–3.55)
Coronary heart disease	1.95 (1.70–2.25)	2.01 (1.38–2.94)	2.36 (1.78–3.12)	2.33 (1.77–3.07)
Heart failure	2.22 (1.97–2.50)	2.92 (1.92–4.42)	3.31 (2.40–4.58)	3.07 (2.35–4.00)
COPD/asthma	1.63 (1.45–1.83)	2.27 (1.84–2.80)	2.40 (2.00–2.87)	2.46 (2.01–3.02)
Arthritis	2.72 (2.33–3.18)	3.19 (2.32–4.39)	4.46 (3.36–5.92)	3.52 (2.69–4.59)
Depression	2.08 (1.81–2.39)	2.05 (1.36–3.10)	3.02 (2.60–3.50)	2.86 (2.42–3.39)
Prevalence ratio (95% CI) - model 2
Hypertension	1.31 (1.15–1.49)	1.42 (1.16–1.73)	1.58 (1.25–2.01)	1.45 (1.17–1.81)
High cholesterol	1.26 (1.11–1.42)	1.39 (1.05–1.85)	1.56 (1.32–1.85)	1.36 (1.15–1.60)
Diabetes mellitus	1.47 (1.33–1.64)	1.71 (1.35–2.16)	1.81 (1.50–2.19)	1.90 (1.55–2.33)
Obesity	1.76 (1.51–2.04)	2.15 (1.72–2.68)	1.99 (1.56–2.53)	1.89 (1.48–2.41)
CKD	1.40 (1.24–1.59)	1.61 (1.16–2.24)	1.64 (1.40–1.91)	1.53 (1.24–1.87)
Cancer	1.12 (0.96–1.30)	1.37 (1.05–1.78)	1.32 (0.99–1.76)	1.40 (1.11–1.76)
Stroke	1.73 (1.49–2.01)	1.63 (1.01–2.62)	2.51 (1.95–3.23)	2.21 (1.66–2.95)
Coronary heart disease	1.71 (1.49–1.97)	1.64 (1.06–2.54)	1.95 (1.45–2.60)	1.93 (1.46–2.53)
Heart failure	2.04 (1.78–2.33)	2.52 (1.54–4.14)	2.94 (1.97–4.40)	2.74 (1.97–3.81)
COPD/asthma	1.52 (1.34–1.71)	2.06 (1.67–2.53)	2.17 (1.83–2.58)	2.24 (1.82–2.75)
Arthritis	2.62 (2.24–3.07)	2.99 (2.17–4.12)	4.21 (3.17–5.59)	3.31 (2.53–4.34)
Depression	1.99 (1.76–2.25)	1.93 (1.29–2.88)	2.81 (2.42–3.25)	2.68 (2.25–3.18)
Prevalence ratio (95% CI) - model 3
Hypertension	1.02 (0.90–1.15)	1.04 (0.85–1.26)	1.12 (0.90–1.38)	1.07 (0.85–1.34)
High cholesterol	1.00 (0.87–1.14)	1.07 (0.82–1.41)	1.10 (0.90–1.36)	0.97 (0.81–1.16)
Diabetes mellitus	1.10 (0.98–1.23)	1.18 (0.90–1.55)	1.24 (1.02–1.50)	1.39 (1.16–1.68)
Obesity	1.40 (1.19–1.65)	1.68 (1.35–2.09)	1.37 (1.05–1.81)	1.30 (1.00–1.70)
CKD	1.20 (1.05–1.38)	1.27 (0.89–1.80)	1.27 (1.05–1.54)	1.21 (0.96–1.52)
Cancer	0.96 (0.82–1.13)	1.16 (0.86–1.56)	1.11 (0.87–1.43)	1.19 (0.94–1.49)
Stroke	1.30 (1.10–1.54)	1.20 (0.76–1.87)	1.62 (1.19–2.20)	1.38 (1.04–1.84)
Coronary heart disease	1.15 (0.94–1.40)	0.98 (0.64–1.51)	0.94 (0.60–1.47)	1.07 (0.74–1.55)
Heart failure	1.21 (1.01–1.44)	1.37 (0.79–2.39)	1.58 (0.94–2.65)	1.41 (0.90–2.23)
COPD/Asthma	1.16 (1.02–1.31)	1.57 (1.20–2.07)	1.48 (1.19–1.85)	1.58 (1.27–1.97)
Arthritis	2.21 (1.86–2.63)	2.32 (1.58–3.38)	3.13 (2.28–4.28)	2.56 (1.89–3.48)
Depression	1.51 (1.37–1.67)	1.37 (0.97–1.93)	1.91 (1.58–2.32)	1.87 (1.50–2.32)

BADLs, basic activities of daily living; IADLs, instrumental activities of daily living; CI, confidence interval; CKD, chronic kidney disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Model 1: adjusted for age, sex, and race/ethnicity

Model 2: adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, and cigarette smoking

Model 3: adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, and cigarette smoking and the other chronic conditions listed in the table

Italics indicates statistical significance (P<0.05)