Table 2.

Time and associated cost of vaccinating patients in the observed vaccine workflow, per vaccine, by practice type from the vaccination time-motion study.

Activity	PRACTICE TYPE
	FM (Practice n = 5; Patient n = 89)		IM (Practice n = 4; Patient n = 38)		OBGYN (Practice n = 7; Patient n = 76)
	Median Time (minutes:seconds)/ Vaccine administered	Median Cost ($)/Vaccine administered	Median Time (minutes:seconds)/ Vaccine administered	Median Cost ($)/Vaccine administered	Median Time (minutes:seconds)/ Vaccine administered	Median Cost ($)/Vaccine administered
(1) Additional Review of Patient Record¹	0:02 (0:00–2:46)	$0.04 ($0–$1.43)	0:00 (0:00–0:44)	$0.00 ($0–$0.56)	1:10 (0:42–2:46)	$1.02 ($0.58–$2.02)
(2) Provider Counseling; (3) Preparation of Vaccine; (4) Preparation of Patient, Administration, Disposal; and (6) Post-Vaccination Observation	3:09 (1:03–7:12)	$3.51 ($0.86–$6.43)	1:57 (1:20–3:47)	$1.55 ($1.21–$3.33)	8:22 (5:26–16:27)	$10.52 ($5.38–$16.96)
(5) Documentation in patient record (chart, Electronic Health Record)²	0:47 (0:00–3:09)	$0.68 ($0–$2.41)	0:28 (0:00–1:16)	$0.41 ($0–$1.09)	1:38 (1:03–3:22)	$1.36 ($0.89–$2.19)
Median of Total Time or Cost	4:51 (1:03–12:13)	$4.39 ($0.86–$10.26)	2:48 (1:36–4:44)	$2.33 ($1.29–$4.15)	10:34 (8:42–20:50)	$12.06 ($7.87–$19.73)

Source Notes: Minimum and maximum values are noted in parentheses. Results in this table only includes patients that received a vaccination.

The workflow at some practices did not include additional review of patient record upon intake and triage. In these practices, no time was recorded for this activity. This occurred in 74% of patient observations. Assessment of immunization status was determined in advance of patient appointment and captured in the Management Survey.

No time was recorded for the documentation in patient record activity as some data collectors recorded this activity in other activity areas. This occurred in 9% of patient observations.