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Artificial retinal scotoma. Examples from both eyes in three subjects are shown as visual field maps of the index based on amplitudes without and with a scotoma. Left eyes are shown on the left (A,C,E). Red color indicates positive indices, meaning smaller responses in the presence of a scotoma. P values for the difference between indices of positions inside vs. outside the scotoma are: 0.35 (A); 6 × 10−9 (B); 4 × 10−6 (C); 3 × 10−16 (D); 8 × 10−7 (E); 0.014 (F), via t-tests.
