Table 2.
Clinical and laboratory characteristics of FH patients at baseline stratified by tertile of baseline PCSK9 concentration
| Variables | PCSK9 concentration tertile | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tertile 1 (< 274 ng/mL) |
Tertile 2 (274–369 ng/mL) |
Tertile 3 (> 369 ng/mL) |
p-value for trend | |
| Clinical factors | ||||
| Age, years | 49.11 ± 9.85 | 50.86 ± 12.30 | 48.16± 11.69 | 0.193 |
| Male, n (%) | 78 (69.6) | 59 (52.2) | 61 (54.0) | 0.014 |
| BMI, kg/(m2) | 25.70 ± 3.55 | 25.74 ± 3.01 | 25.04 ± 3.62 | 0.267 |
| Prior CAD, n (%) | 51 (45.5) | 61 (54.0) | 77 (68.1) | 0.003 |
| Family history of CAD, n (%) | 52 (46.4) | 55 (48.7) | 50 (44.2) | 0.801 |
| Currently smoking, n (%) | 49 (43.8) | 34 (30.1) | 43 (38.1) | 0.178 |
| Alcohol drinker, n (%) | 30 (26.8) | 31 (27.4) | 14 (12.4) | 0.008 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 45 (40.2) | 47 (41.6) | 42 (37.2) | 0.747 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 23 (20.5) | 17 (15.0) | 16 (14.2) | 0.422 |
| Baseline statin use, n (%) | 92 (82.1) | 84 (74.3) | 87 (77.0) | 0.359 |
| Tendon xanthoma | 3 (2.7) | 5 (4.4) | 18 (15.9) | <0.001 |
| Laboratory factors | ||||
| TG, mmol/L | 1.70 (1.34–2.20) | 1.63 (1.11–2.03) | 1.53 (1.15–2.12) | 0.146 |
| TC, mmol/L | 6.41 ± 1.59 | 6.97 ± 2.04 | 7.62 ± 2.35 | 0.001 |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.07 ± 0.33 | 1.19 ± 0.31 | 1.08 ± 0.30 | 0.005 |
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 4.68 ± 1.46 | 5.11 ± 1.56 | 5.80 ± 2.09 | 0.001 |
| ApoA, g/L | 1.27 ± 0.30 | 1.41 ± 0.30 | 1.25 ± 0.32 | 0.001 |
| ApoB, g/L | 1.31 ± 0.34 | 1.42 ± 0.40 | 1.61 ± 0.54 | 0.001 |
| Lp(a), mg/dL |
20.81 (9.71–48.41) |
33.86 (14.73–66.05) |
46.60 (24.87–81.78) |
0.001 |
| hsCRP, mg/L | 1.58 (0.76–3.55) | 1.41 (0.702.79) | 1.58 (0.71–3.42) | 0.654 |
| FPG, mmol/L | 5.62 ± 1.76 | 5.49 ± 1.39 | 5.51 ± 1.32 | 0.787 |
| HbA1C, % | 6.21 ± 1.22 | 6.09 ± 0.98 | 6.05 ± 0.92 | 0.525 |
| WBC, ng/mL | 6.30 ± 1.79 | 6.21 ± 1.57 | 6.48 ± 1.96 | 0.556 |
| LYM, ng/mL | 2.04± 0.70 | 2.09± 0.62 | 2.04 ± 0.67 | 0.832 |
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, median (interquartile range) or n (%)
FH familial hypercholesterolemia, BMI body mass index, CAD coronary artery disease, TG triglyceride, TC total cholesterol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, ApoA apolipoprotein A, ApoB apolipoprotein B, Lp(a) lipoprotein(a), hsCRP high sensitivity C-reactive protein, FPG fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c glycosylated hemoglobin, WBC white blood cell, LYM lymphocyte