Table 4.
Predictors for culture conversion among treated Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease patients
| Variables | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | P | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 0.95 (0.92–0.98) | 0.003 | 1.01 (0.96–1.06) | 0.680 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 1.23 (1.06–1.41) | 0.005 | 1.21 (1.02–1.44) | 0.031 |
| Sex, female | 2.72 (1.42–5.23) | 0.003 | 1.43 (0.55–3.74) | 0.468 |
| History of tuberculosis | 0.53 (0.27–1.05) | 0.070 | ||
| MAC species | ||||
| M. avium | Reference | Reference | ||
| M. intracellulare | 0.26 (0.13–0.53) | < 0.001 | 0.29 (0.10–0.84) | 0.022 |
| Smear positivity at diagnosis | 0.18 (0.09–0.37) | < 0.001 | 0.10 (0.04–0.29) | < 0.001 |
| Radiographic pattern | ||||
| Nodular bronchiectatic form | Reference | Reference | ||
| Upper lobe cavitary form | 0.45 (0.22–0.92) | 0.029 | 0.39 (0.13–1.12) | 0.079 |
| Pulmonary function tests | ||||
| FVC (% predicted) | 1.01 (0.99–1.03) | 0.293 | ||
| FEV1 (% predicted) | 1.00 (0.98–1.01) | 0.742 | ||
| FEV1/FVC (%) | 0.97 (0.94–1.01) | 0.101 | ||
| Maintenance of antibiotics (≥6mo) | ||||
| M only | Reference | Reference | ||
| M + E | 9.68 (3.28–28.58) | < 0.001 | 18.06 (3.67–88.92) | < 0.001 |
| M + R | 4.54 (1.48–13.96) | 0.008 | 15.82 (2.38–105.33) | 0.004 |
| M + E + R | 14.91 (5.49–40.47) | < 0.001 | 17.12 (3.93–74.60) | < 0.001 |
Culture conversion was defined as at least three consecutive negative results for sputum culture the start of treatment
Abbreviations: OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, BMI body mass index, MAC Mycobacterium avium complex, FVC forced vital capacity, FEV1 forced expiratory volume in 1 s, M macrolide, E ethambutol, R rifampicin