Figure 7.

Examples of Instrumented Organ-on-chip Models of the Gut

(A) TEER measurements from a human Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cell monolayer exposed to microbial flora and intestinal peristalsis-like motions and flow via insertable wire electrodes.

(B) Gastrointestinal barrier integrity quantified in response to bacterial colonization in an anaerobic environment via chopstick style TEER electrodes.

(C and D) Intestinal monolayer barrier formation and villi differentiation assessed by measuring TEER and cell layer capacitance via integrated four-point impedance electrodes.

Reprinted and adapted with permission from: A (Kim et al., 2012); B (Shah et al., 2016); C (Henry et al., 2017); and D (van der Helm et al., 2019). TEER, transepithelial electrical resistance.