Outline of the experimental protocol. Rats were allowed to recover for 12 weeks after thoracic surgery. At this time, an echocardiogram was taken, and treatment with either vehicle or CDDO-Me was begun for 2 weeks. At 14 weeks post thoracic surgery, a second echocardiogram was taken, and hemodynamic measurements were determined and tissues taken for biochemical analyses. Co-IP, coimmunoprecipitation; qRT-PCR, quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction; i.p, intraperitoneal; Echo, Echocardiogram.