Table 2.
Brainstem volumes in healthy controls (HC), patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD), patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and primary lateral sclerosis (PLS). Estimated marginal means and standard error are adjusted for age, gender, education and total intracranial volume (TIV) (Covariates appearing in the model are evaluated at the following values: Age = 59.59, Gender = 1.43, Edu = 13.63, TIV = 1435355.28) Pairwise post hoc comparisons are Bonferroni corrected. Significant intergroup differences are flagged with asterisks ‘*’. Statistical trends are flagged with superscript ‘t’. ALS_T1: ALS patients first time point, ALS_T2: ALS patients second time point, FTD: patients with frontotemporal dementia, HC: healthy controls, PLS: patients with primary lateral sclerosis.
Structure | Study group | Estimated marginal means(adjusted for age, gender, education and TIV) | Standard error | ANCOVA Sig. (p) | Post-hoc comparisons (Bonferroni-corrected) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Medulla | <0.001 |
ALS T1 vs HCp = .061t ALS T1 vs PLSp = .002* ALS T2 vs HCp < .001* ALS T2 vs PLSp= = .057 t FTD vs PLSp = .001* HC vs PLSp < .001* |
|||
HC | 4808.641 | 4714.924 | |||
ALS T1 | 4623.070 | 47.012 | |||
ALS T2 | 4530.937 | 47.023 | |||
FTD | 4747.986 | 86.610 | |||
PLS | 4268.433 | 81.904 | |||
Pons | <0.001 |
ALS T1 vs PLSp = .003* ALS T2 vs HCp = .017* ALS T2 vs PLSp = .014* HC vs PLSp < .001* |
|||
HC | 15410.591 | 159.537 | |||
ALS T1 | 14829.294 | 157.394 | |||
ALS T2 | 14699.411 | 157.433 | |||
FTD | 14670.462 | 289.969 | |||
PLS | 13682.707 | 274.212 | |||
Midbrain | 0.004 |
ALS T1 vs PLSp = .073 t HC vs PLSp = .02* |
|||
HC | 6173.757 | 49.524 | |||
ALS T1 | 6071.860 | 48.859 | |||
ALS T2 | 6002.527 | 48.871 | |||
FTD | 5994.261 | 90.014 | |||
PLS | 5807.431 | 85.122 | |||
Whole Brainstem | < 0.001 |
ALS T1 vs PLSp < .001* ALS T2 vs PLSp = .002* FTD vs PLSp = .058 t HC vs PLSp < .001* |
|||
HC | 22694.377 | 202.067 | |||
ALS T1 | 22326.919 | 199.353 | |||
ALS T2 | 22038.915 | 199.402 | |||
FTD | 21956.655 | 367.272 | |||
PLS | 20556.064 | 347.314 |